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When is enough, enough? Humanitarian rights and protection for children in conflict settings must be revisited

Protecting the lives of children in conflicts requires changes to the rules of engagement

The Grenfell Tower Inquiry reveals fundamental weaknesses of governance

The Grenfell Tower Inquiry report places the blame firmly on politicians and the companies whose interests they failed to challenge

Bankrupt local authorities heap pressure on primary care, say GPs

GPs have long seen the effects of council funding crises in their surgeries. Sally Howard speaks to GPs in struggling regions

Long term exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution and risk of infertility

Long term exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution is linked to a higher risk of infertility in men, whereas road traffic noise is linked to a higher risk of infertility in women, finds this study

Handover failure led to missed chance to save boy’s life, says coroner

Valproate: men are advised to use contraception owing to risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children, navigating us participant data sharing requirements: implications for international clinical trials, patient related outcome measures (proms) in long term conditions—is it time to bring them into routine clinical practice, citizens’ assemblies, health, and health policy, underfunding public health has wide ranging consequences.

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Jonathan Finnoff on being a doctor at the Olympic and Paralympic Games

Latest articles.

Cholera: Marked increase in cases and deaths globally, data show

Sixty seconds on . . . blood delivery drones, doctor is struck off over “unconventional” treatments on children, “two tier system” is leaving children’s healthcare lagging adults’, paediatricians warn, why are doctors being warned about the oropouche virus, female doctors close the gender promotion gap but international male doctors fare less well, surgical hubs can help tackle hospital waiting lists in england, study suggests, seven days in medicine: 28 aug to 3 sep 2024.

Prostate cancer incidence and mortality in Europe and implications for screening

Developing clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide, risk of dementia after sglt-2 inhibitors versus dpp-4 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes, comparative oral monotherapy of psychedelics and escitalopram for depressive symptoms, suicide rates among physicians compared with the general population in studies from 20 countries, clinical value of guideline recommended molecular targets and genome targeted cancer therapies: cross sectional study, reporting on data sharing: executive position of the equator network.

The future of medicine lies in nurturing our “uniquely human” skills

Identifying long covid in children … and other research, better care at the end of life: we need to change the conversation, scarlett mcnally: volunteering and charity work offer massive health and community benefits, partha kar: talk is cheap. the nhs needs anti-racist action, not empty words or virtue signalling, helen salisbury: redefining full time work in general practice, integrating injury prevention into the planetary health agenda: a vital opportunity, the vacuum of information about covid’s prevalence puts me at risk—bring back better data collection.

Chronic cough in preschool aged children

Practical prescribing: direct oral anticoagulants, reducing drug waste in hospitals, bisphosphonates, using hypofractionation to decarbonise radiation oncology, reducing computed tomography (ct) imaging for adults with minor traumatic brain injuries in the emergency department, device associated complications in the intensive care unit, caring for dying patients in the community, assessment and management of self-harm and suicide risk in young people, global health crises: gaza and mpox, poliovirus is detected in gaza as “dire” conditions ignite fears of infectious diseases spreading.

WHO has warned that there is a “high risk” of polio spreading in Gaza and beyond, after variant poliovirus type 2 was detected in Gaza’s sewage

Mpox outbreaks in Africa—we must avert another failure of global solidarity

We need global solidarity, equity, and urgent support for African countries to mitigate mpox outbreaks, write Ifedayo MO Adetifa and Madhukar Pai

The meagre flow of aid into Gaza is creating a deadly health crisis for Palestinians

Human mpox: diagnosis and management, gaza: seven day ceasefire is crucial for polio vaccination campaign, says who, the state of global mpox in 2024: new variants, rising outbreaks in africa, and vaccine trials just starting, bmj medicine, multimorbidity and adverse outcomes following emergency department attendance.

New research from BMJ Medicine finds that multimorbidity is prevalent in the emergency department population

All cause and cause specific mortality in 15-24-year-olds in Denmark

Mortality in young people in Denmark is consistently socially patterned across measures of socioeconomic position and causes of deaths including natural and unnatural deaths caused by accidents, suicides, and homicides

Development and validation of a prognostic model to predict birth weight

Deep brain stimulation for parkinson’s disease, predicting birth weight at booking, progressive pulmonary fibrosis: a need for real world data to solve real world clinical problems, current issue.

How can I say no?

Donna ockenden: money to improve maternity care it’s being spent on compensation, association of ultra-processed food consumption with all cause and cause specific mortality: population based cohort study, risk of dementia after initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in adults aged 40-69 years with type 2 diabetes: population based cohort study, prostate cancer incidence and mortality in europe and implications for screening activities: population based study, long term exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution and risk of infertility in men and women: nationwide danish cohort study, effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes: umbrella review of epidemiological meta-analyses, latest responses, re: bankrupt local authorities heap pressure on primary care, say gps, re: wes streeting wants hard truths general practice needs nationalising, re: in praise of physician associates, re: in praise of physician associates, and the distinction between diagnostic skill and technical skill, re: prostate cancer incidence and mortality in europe and implications for screening activities: population based study, what are your thoughts.

Covid-19: Researcher blows the whistle on data integrity issues in Pfizer’s vaccine trial

Covid-19 vaccines and treatments: we must have raw data, now

Effectiveness of public health measures in reducing the incidence of covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and covid-19 mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Risk of thrombocytopenia and thromboembolism after covid-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 positive testing: self-controlled case series study

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Page 1 of 90

Cardiovascular health and cancer mortality: evidence from US NHANES and UK Biobank cohort studies

The American Heart Association recently introduced a novel cardiovascular health (CVH) metric, Life's Essential 8 (LE8), for health promotion. However, the relationship between LE8 and cancer mortality risk re...

• View Full Text

Association of lifestyle with valvular heart disease progression and life expectancy among elderly people from different socioeconomic backgrounds

Current cardiovascular prevention strategies are based on studies that seldom include valvular heart disease (VHD). The role of modifiable lifestyle factors on VHD progression and life expectancy among the eld...

Effect of salt substitution on fracture—a secondary analysis of the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS)

Associations of dietary sodium and potassium intake with fracture risk are inconsistent and the effects of salt substitute on fracture incidence are unknown. We assessed the effect of salt substitute compared ...

Phase 1b study of first-line fuzuloparib combined with modified FOLFIRINOX followed by fuzuloparib maintenance monotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Chemotherapy remains the standard first-line treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but with limited efficacy. We aimed to explore the feasibility of adding the PARP inhibitor fuzuloparib to mFOLFIRINOX in t...

The spatiotemporal associations between esophageal and gastric cancers provide evidence for its joint endoscopic screening in China: a population-based study

The spatiotemporal epidemiological evidence supporting joint endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) remains limited. This study aims to identify combined high-risk regions for ...

Cancer incidence (2000–2020) among individuals under 35: an emerging sex disparity in oncology

Aggressive malignancies, such as pancreatic cancer, are increasingly impacting young, female populations. Our investigation centered on whether the observed trends in cancer incidence were unique to pancreatic...

Time-restricted eating with or without a low-carbohydrate diet improved myocardial status and thyroid function in individuals with metabolic syndrome: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial

Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have become urgent worldwide health problems, predisposing patients to unfavorable myocardial status and thyroid dysfunction. Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and time-restrict...

Hyperactivation of ATF4/TGF-β1 signaling contributes to the progressive cardiac fibrosis in Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy caused by DSG2 Variant

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiomyopathy characterized with progressive cardiac fibrosis and heart failure. However, the exact mechanism driving the progression of cardiac fibrosis an...

New-onset obstructive airway disease following COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

The study assessed the association between COVID-19 and new-onset obstructive airway diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchiectasis among vaccinated individuals recoverin...

The association of psychological and trauma-related factors with biological and facial aging acceleration: evidence from the UK Biobank

Psychological and trauma-related factors are associated with many diseases and mortality. However, a comprehensive assessment of the association between psycho-trauma exposures and aging acceleration is curren...

Effects of fructan and gluten on gut microbiota in individuals with self-reported non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity—a randomised controlled crossover trial

Individuals with non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGWS) experience improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms following a gluten-free diet. Although previous results have indicated that fructo-oligosacchari...

A functional variant rs912304 for late-onset T1D risk contributes to islet dysfunction by regulating proinflammatory cytokine-responsive gene STXBP6 expression

Our previous genome‑wide association studies (GWAS) have suggested rs912304 in 14q12 as a suggestive risk variant for type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the association between this risk region and T1D subgroups ...

Advances and counterpoints in type 2 diabetes. What is ready for translation into real-world practice, ahead of the guidelines

This review seeks to address major gaps and delays between our rapidly evolving body of knowledge on type 2 diabetes and its translation into real-world practice. Through updated and improved best practices in...

Sex disparity in the association between metabolic-anthropometric phenotypes and risk of obesity-related cancer: a prospective cohort study

Sex disparity between metabolic-obesity (defined by body mass index, BMI) phenotypes and obesity-related cancer (ORC) remains unknown. Considering BMI reflecting overall obesity but not fat distribution, we ai...

Integrating machine learning and artificial intelligence in life-course epidemiology: pathways to innovative public health solutions

The integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in life-course epidemiology offers remarkable opportunities to advance our understanding of the complex interplay between bi...

Cruciferous vegetables lower blood pressure in adults with mildly elevated blood pressure in a randomized, controlled, crossover trial: the VEgetableS for vaScular hEaLth (VESSEL) study

Higher cruciferous vegetable intake is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk in observational studies. The pathways involved remain uncertain. We aimed to determine whether cruciferous vegetable in...

Radiogenomic profiling of global DNA methylation associated with molecular phenotypes and immune features in glioma

The radiogenomic analysis has provided valuable imaging biomarkers with biological insights for gliomas. The radiogenomic markers for molecular profile such as DNA methylation remain to be uncovered to assist ...

NLRC5 exerts anti-endometriosis effects through inhibiting ERβ-mediated inflammatory response

Endometriosis is well known as a chronic inflammatory disease. The development of endometriosis is heavily influenced by the estrogen receptor β (ERβ), while NOD-like receptors (NLRs) family CARD domain-contai...

Past trends and future projections of palliative care needs in Chile: analysis of routinely available death registry and population data

The number of people with palliative care needs is projected to increase globally. Chile has recently introduced legislation for universal access to palliative care services for patients with severe and termin...

Implementation of health-promoting retail initiatives in the Healthier Choices in Supermarkets Study—qualitative perspectives from a feasibility study

Improving food environments like supermarkets has the potential to affect customers’ health positively. Scholars suggest researchers and retailers collaborate closely on implementing and testing such health-pr...

Impact of a school-based water and hygiene intervention on child health and school attendance in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

School-based water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) may improve the health and attendance of schoolchildren, particularly post-menarcheal girls, but existing evidence is mixed. We examined the impact of an urban...

Patient-reported outcome measures for medication treatment satisfaction: a systematic review of measure development and measurement properties

Medication Treatment Satisfaction (M-TS) from the patients’ perspective is important for comprehensively evaluating the effect of medicines. The extent to which current patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs...

Gender-affirming hormonal therapy induces a gender-concordant fecal metagenome transition in transgender individuals

Limited data exists regarding gender-specific microbial alterations during gender-affirming hormonal therapy (GAHT) in transgender individuals. This study aimed to investigate the nuanced impact of sex steroid...

Adulthood weight changes, body mass index in youth, genetic susceptibility and risk of atrial fibrillation: a population-based cohort study

Epidemiological evidence on weight change and atrial fibrillation (AF) remains limited and inconsistent. Previous studies on body mass index (BMI) in youth and AF rarely considered subsequent BMI. This study a...

Camrelizumab plus apatinib in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer after failure of at least one prior systemic therapy (CAP 04): a single-arm phase II trial

The combination of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors is an effective treatment strategy in endometrial cancer. We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab...

Association between social determinants of health and survival among the US cancer survivors population

Racial and ethnic disparities in mortality persist among US cancer survivors, with social determinants of health (SDoH) may have a significant impact on these disparities.

Multispectral fluorescence imaging of EGFR and PD-L1 for precision detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a preclinical and clinical study

Early detection and treatment are effective methods for the management of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which can be facilitated by the detection of tumor-specific OSCC biomarkers. The epidermal growth ...

Healthiness of food products promoted through placement strategies in Australian online supermarkets: a cross-sectional study

Prominent product placement is a core promotional tactic in retail food environments. How this practice has been adapted for online supermarkets, and the extent to which it is applied to healthier and less hea...

The consumption of ultra-processed foods was associated with adiposity, but not with metabolic indicators in a prospective cohort study of Chilean preschool children

Increasing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been identified as a risk factor for obesity and various diseases, primarily in adults. Nonetheless, research in children is limited, especially regard...

Pregnancy complications and autoimmune diseases in women: systematic review and meta-analysis

Pregnancy complications might lead to the development of autoimmune diseases in women. This review aims to summarise studies evaluating the association between pregnancy complications and the development of au...

Antenatal steroids elicited neurodegenerative-associated transcriptional changes in the hippocampus of preterm fetal sheep independent of lung maturation

Antenatal steroid therapy for fetal lung maturation is routinely administered to women at risk of preterm delivery. There is strong evidence to demonstrate benefit from antenatal steroids in terms of survival ...

No evidence that ACE2 or TMPRSS2 drive population disparity in COVID risks

Early in the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, in this journal, Hou et al. (BMC Med 18:216, 2020) interpreted public genotype data, run through functional prediction tools, as suggesting that members of particular human pop...

A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials of substituting soymilk for cow’s milk and intermediate cardiometabolic outcomes: understanding the impact of dairy alternatives in the transition to plant-based diets on cardiometabolic health

Dietary guidelines recommend a shift to plant-based diets. Fortified soymilk, a prototypical plant protein food used in the transition to plant-based diets, usually contains added sugars to match the sweetness...

Impact of proton pump inhibitor use on clinical outcomes in East Asian patients receiving clopidogrel following drug-eluting stent implantation

Concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is common, but PPI may reduce the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We evaluate...

Association of body shape phenotypes and body fat distribution indexes with inflammatory biomarkers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and UK Biobank

The allometric body shape index (ABSI) and hip index (HI), as well as multi-trait body shape phenotypes, have not yet been compared in their associations with inflammatory markers. The aim of this study was to...

Overall and cause-specific mortality among patients diagnosed with gastric precancerous lesions in Sweden between 1979 and 2014: an observational cohort study

The Correa’s cascade, encompassing chronic non-atrophic gastritis, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia, represents the well-recognized pathway for the development of non-cardia gastric can...

Trait impulsivity is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes incidence in adults over 8 years of follow-up: results from the NutriNet-Santé cohort

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent and preventable diseases worldwide and impulsivity, a psychological trait characterized by making quick decisions without forethought, has been suggested as a key f...

Chronic kidney disease: detect, diagnose, disclose—a UK primary care perspective of barriers and enablers to effective kidney care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with major human and economic consequences. Despite advances in clinical guidelines, classification systems and evidence-based treatments, CKD rem...

The impact of adverse childhood experiences on multimorbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been implicated in the aetiology of a range of health outcomes, including multimorbidity. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to identify, synthesise...

Vitamin B12 status and the risk of developing sepsis in patients with bacterial infection: a prospective observational cohort study

Data have shown that vitamin B12 has immunomodulatory effects via different pathways, which could influence the pathophysiology of sepsis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether vitamin B12 lev...

Differences in hypersensitivity reactions and gadolinium deposition disease/symptoms associated with gadolinium exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents: new insights based on global databases VigiBase, FAERS, and IQVIA-MIDAS

Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) can occur unexpectedly and be life-threatening when gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are used. Gadolinium deposition disease (GDD) and symptoms associated with gadolin...

Influences of HPV disease perceptions, vaccine accessibility, and information exposure on social media on HPV vaccination uptake among 11,678 mothers with daughters aged 9–17 years in China: a cross-sectional study

Mothers play a crucial role in influencing their daughters’ HPV vaccination decisions. Addressing barriers to receiving HPV vaccination among mothers of girls may achieve two goals in one strike: increasing va...

Recent cervical cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and mortality trends in Puerto Rico, 2001–2019

Cervical cancer incidence is rising in Puerto Rico (PR). Whether the increase is real or reflective of increased diagnostic scrutiny remains unclear.

Daytime napping and the incidence of Parkinson’s disease: a prospective cohort study with Mendelian randomization

The causal relationship between daytime napping and the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear, with prospective studies providing limited evidence. This study investigated the association between da...

Discrepancies between general and central obesity in arterial stiffness: observational studies and Mendelian randomization study

Obesity has been linked to arterial stiffness, while no consensus was reached on the association. We aimed to clarify the association of general and central obesity with arterial stiffness by combining observa...

Dilemma of commercial organ transplant in the Middle East

In recent years, the Middle East has witnessed a significant rise in commercial transplantation activities. This practice is driven by a multitude of factors including economic disparities, inadequate healthca...

Vitamin A carotenoids, but not retinoids, mediate the impact of a healthy diet on gut microbial diversity

Vitamin A is essential for physiological processes like vision and immunity. Vitamin A’s effect on gut microbiome composition, which affects absorption and metabolism of other vitamins, is still unknown. Here ...

Predicting disease recurrence in patients with endometriosis: an observational study

Despite surgical and pharmacological interventions, endometriosis can recur. Reliable information regarding risk of recurrence following a first diagnosis is scant. The aim of this study was to examine clinica...

All-cause mortality and hospital admissions for nursing home residents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Norwegian register-based cohort study

This paper investigates the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality and hospitalization among nursing home residents in Norway. While existing evidence shows that nursing home residents were overrep...

The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) as a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with diabetes or prediabetes: NHANES 1999–2018

The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) serves as a novel composite lipid indicator for atherosclerosis. However, the association between NHHR and mort...

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What Are We Made For? Mobilizing Medical Education Research for Impact

Affiliations.

• 1 J. Sukhera is chair/chief of psychiatry, Institute of Living at Hartford Hospital, and associate clinical professor of psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Hartford, Connecticut; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8146-4947.
• 2 C.-C. Fung is professor of clinical medical education (educational scholar), vice chair of medical education, and assistant dean for assessment and scholarship, Department of Medical Education, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California.
• 3 A. Teherani is professor of medicine, director of program evaluation and education continuous quality improvement, and founding codirector, University of California Center for Climate, Health and Equity, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2936-9832.
• 4 T.R. Wyatt is associate professor and vice chair for research, Department of Health Professions Education, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
• 5 D.J. Schumacher is professor of pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
• 6 A.N. Leep Hunderfund is associate professor of neurology and medical director, Office of Applied Scholarship and Education Science, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7784-504X.
• PMID: 39240893
• DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000005850

During the past several decades, medical education research has advanced in many ways. However, the field has struggled somewhat with translating knowledge into practice. The field has tremendous potential to generate insights that may improve educational outcomes, enhance teaching experiences, reduce costs, promote equity, and inform policy. However, the gap between research and practice requires attention and reflection. In this commentary, the authors reflect on ways that medical education researchers can balance relevance and rigor, while discussing a potential path forward. First, medical education research can learn from implementation science, which focuses on adopting and sustaining best practices in real-world settings. Second, gaining a deeper understanding of the complex and dynamic ways that medical education contexts may influence the uptake of research findings into practice would facilitate the translation and mobilization of knowledge into practical settings. Third, moving from unilateral knowledge translation to participatory knowledge mobilization and engaging diverse stakeholders as active participants in the research process can also enhance impact and influence research findings. Overall, for medical education research to effect meaningful change, it must transition from producing generalizable findings to generating context-specific insights and embracing participatory knowledge mobilization. This shift will involve rethinking traditional research approaches and fostering collaboration with knowledge users to cocreate and implement innovative solutions tailored to their unique settings.

Copyright © 2024 Written work prepared by employees of the Federal Government as part of their official duties is, under the U.S. Copyright Act, a “work of the United States Government” for which copyright protection under Title 17 of the United States Code is not available. As such, copyright does not extend to the contributions of employees of the Federal Government.

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Page 1 of 522

Workplace violence and turnover intention among Chinese nurses: the mediating role of compassion fatigue and the moderating role of psychological resilience

Workplace violence is a global public health issue and a major occupational hazard cross borders and environments. Nurses are the primary victims of workplace violence due to their frontline roles and continuo...

• View Full Text

Prevalence of Methamphetamine (Mkpurummiri) use in south east Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study

Methamphetamine (MA) (Mkpurummiri) is seen as the most common, accessible and new drug of use/abuse in south east Nigeria. Despite the overwhelming evidence of the dire consequences of this drug to the users, ...

Cancer risk among air transportation industry workers in Korea: a national health registry-based study

Flight attendants face various risk factors in their working environments, particularly occupational exposure to cosmic radiation. This study aimed to assess cancer risk among air transportation industry worke...

A qualitative study of experiences among young adults who increased their cannabis use during the COVID-19 pandemic

Young adults face unique vulnerabilities during major life disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic contributed to increases in mental health challenges and substance use among young adults. This s...

Prevalence, spatial distribution and determinants of complete childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Ethiopia: spatial and multilevel analyses

Pneumococcal disease is a serious global public health concern. The primary causative agent of severe illnesses such as pneumonia, meningitis, acute otitis media, and bacteremia is the pneumococcus bacterium. ...

Beliefs, taboos, usages, health perceptions, and practices toward wildlife among different ethnicities in Tak and Mae Hong Son Provinces, Thailand

This concurrent qualitative study was carried out with the main objective to determine wildlife beliefs, taboos, usages, health perceptions, and practices among ten ethnic groups in four communities in Tak and...

Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and abdominal aortic calcification in adults: a cross-sectional study

Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) index is an important marker of insulin resistance and a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is significantly associated w...

Effectiveness of malaria chemoprevention in the first two years of life in Cameroon and Côte d’Ivoire compared to standard of care: study protocol for a population-based prospective cohort impact evaluation study

Perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC) is a chemoprevention strategy endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is increasingly being adopted by National Malaria Programmes. PMC aims to reduce morbid...

Impact of adiposity indices changes across the lifespan on risk of diabetes in women: trajectory modeling approach

The impact of life-course different adiposity indices on diabetes mellitus (DM) is poorly understood. We aimed to do trajectory analysis with repeated measurements of adiposity indices in the development of DM...

Knowledge and practices on home medication storage and disposal in Syria: a population-based, cross-sectional study

Medications are commonly found in every household. In Syria, where healthcare infrastructure faces significant challenges, improper storage can lead to reduced medication efficacy and increased health risks. A...

Results from a retrospective case finding and re-engagement exercise for people previously diagnosed with hepatitis C virus to increase uptake of directly acting antiviral treatment

Direct acting antivirals (DAAs) for the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) have shifted the World Health Organisation global strategic focus to the elimination of HCV by 2030. In England, the UK Health Security Agency (U...

Global, regional, and national burden of intracerebral hemorrhage and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021: results from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results from the rupture of blood vessels causing bleeding within the brain and is one of the major causes of death and long-term disability globally, particularly in low- and mi...

Predominant approaches to measuring pregnancy-related anxiety in Sub-saharan Africa: a scoping review

Pregnancy-related anxiety significantly impacts maternal and fetal health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including those within Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Most studies conducted to evaluate pregna...

Association of waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index with cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Numerous reports indicate that both obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are factors associated with cognitive impairment (CI). The objective was to assess the relationship between abdominal obesity as ...

Retraction Note: Association of milk consumption with the incidence of cholelithiasis disease in the US adult population

Factors associated with full covid-19 vaccination among persons living with diabetes mellitus in uganda–a cross-sectional study.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with severe outcomes of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), including death. COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for preventing infection and severe disease in the general populati...

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Pain Is the Most Common Long COVID Symptom, Study Suggests

• New research revealed that pain accounted for 26% of all long COVID symptoms in 1,008 adults, making it the most often-reported symptom.
• Long COVID may affect the body’s smallest nerves and blood vessels, leading to pain.
• A variety of treatment options are possible for long COVID-related pain, according to experts.

Long COVID can present with any of over 100 symptoms, but new research has found that pain may be the most common. 

A study published August 28 in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Open revealed that pain was the symptom most frequently reported by people with long COVID , accounting for about a quarter of all symptoms in those with this condition. Physical pain was even more common than neuropsychological issues, fatigue, and shortness of breath.  

According to W. Michael Brode, MD , medical director of the Post-COVID-19 Program at UT Health Austin, these findings reflect what clinicians are seeing nationwide and internationally. 

“Pain is very common [in long COVID patients],” he told Health . “People can have chest, abdominal pain, headaches, or migraines , but I think the most common type of pain people experience is muscle ache pain and nerve pain, which feels like numbness, tingling, or burning.”

Though many unanswered questions remain about the link between long COVID and physical pain, here’s a look at what we know so far.

VioletaStoimenova / Getty Images

What Is Long COVID?

Due to the relative newness of long COVID, defining the illness is difficult. “Right now, there still is not a universally agreed-upon definition for long COVID,” Brode said.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention references the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine’s definition, stating that “Long COVID is defined as a chronic condition that occurs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and is present for at least three months. Long COVID includes a wide range of symptoms or conditions that may improve, worsen, or be ongoing.” These symptoms can include shortness of breath, fatigue, brain fog, muscle pain, and a slew of others.

To diagnose the condition, doctors may look at medical history or do a physical exam. They may also order diagnostic testing, though no single lab test can conclusively reveal whether someone has long COVID.

A Search for Symptoms

To determine the most common symptoms of long COVID, researchers at the University College London collected self-reported data from 1,008 people in England and Wales using an app called Living With COVID Recovery. All participants had experienced long COVID symptoms for at least 12 weeks and were asked to add information about their symptoms and their severity.

After analyzing the data, the researchers found that pain was the most common complaint. Pain accounted for more than 26% of the reported symptoms, and 44% of patients said they experienced some pain.

The type of pain—whether throbbing, aching, or tingling—wasn’t uniform, and the location of pain also varied. People reported discomfort in numerous areas, including the eyes, abdomen, ears, chest, back, and jaw. 

“However, a preliminary review of the data reveals a high occurrence of pain reported in the head, chest, and limbs,” study author David Sunkersing, PhD , told Health . 

Other common symptoms included neuropsychological issues, fatigue, and shortness of breath, accounting for 18%, 14%, and 7% of all symptoms, respectively.

Variables like age, gender, ethnicity, and education were significantly associated with the intensity of long COVID symptoms, including pain. “Overall, older individuals were found to experience much higher symptom intensity, with those aged 68 to 77 reporting 32.8% more severe symptoms, and those aged 78 to 87 experiencing an 86% increase in symptom intensity compared to the 18 to 27 age group,” Sunkersing said.

Women were more likely to experience more intense pain than men, and people of color experienced more intense pain than white individuals. A higher level of education was also associated with lower severity of pain, and subjects from less economically disadvantaged areas reported less intense symptoms than those from the most deprived regions.

Potential Reasons Why Pain Tops Symptom List

Since COVID-19 typically presents as a respiratory infection, it may seem surprising that pain is its most prevalent long-haul symptom. Sunkersing said researchers are still working to determine the reasons for this. “Currently, there is not enough conclusive evidence to pinpoint exactly why pain was the top reported long COVID symptom in our study,” he said.

However, according to Brode, a few theories are on the table. The first concerns inflammation .

“Big picture, the mechanism of this illness is that the virus triggers inflammation in the body,” he said. “The inflammation causes the immune system to go haywire, and the immune system and inflammation disrupt the functioning of the neurovasculature—the nerves and smallest blood vessels that run alongside them.”

When neurovascular functioning gets disrupted, pain is the outcome, he explained. “Muscles and nerves are not getting good oxygen or generating energy like they should.”

Another potential reason for pain is long COVID’s ability to damage the body’s smallest nerve endings, a condition known as small-fiber neuropathy. “This can cause a lot of the uncomfortable, burning, shooting pain sensations,” Brode said.

It’s also possible that the illness hijacks the nervous system’s pain signaling, leading to amplified sensations of discomfort. “Long COVID really seems to affect the autonomic nervous system, which includes pain and pain responses,” he noted.

How to Treat Pain Related to Long COVID

Brode said there are four primary treatment options for long COVID.

Initial strategies entail learning to manage your daily lifestyle to minimize pain, employing therapies like physical therapy and cognitive behavior therapy to manage stress, and taking medications such as NSAIDs and nerve pain pharmaceuticals. Then, if these approaches fail to bring relief, a medical professional may recommend more experimental treatments like hyperbaric oxygen therapy or medications used for autoimmune disorders.

Research about long COVID is ongoing, according to Sunkersing, and effective new treatments for the condition may emerge in the months or years to come.

Sunkersing D, Goodfellow H, Mu Y, et al. Long COVID symptoms and demographic associations: A retrospective case series study using healthcare application data .  JRSM Open . 2024;15(7). doi:10.1177/20542704241274292

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Long Covid basics .

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Women's Health Research at Yale: Pilot Project Program Funding

Women's Health Research at Yale (WHRY) is now accepting letters of intent for Pilot Project Program funding.

The Pilot Project Program funds studies providing new approaches to understanding the health of women, and/or the influence of sex and gender on health.

Funding opportunities include:

• Annual Pilot Project Award ($35,000 max) for research designed to meet a clear need in advancing the health of women.
• The Wendy U. & Thomas C. Naratil Pioneer Award ($50,000 max) for highly inventive, new research on the health of women designed to achieve a breakthrough, or ongoing research in which funding is needed to achieve a discovery.
• Community-based Research Awards ( up to $35,000) for data-driven community place-based research designed to advance the health of women as a pathway to economic and social mobility.

Letters of intent must be received via email by 12 p.m. ET on Thursday, Oct. 17, 2024 . Please address your inquiries to Marco Mutonji .

For complete information, visit the WHRY website .

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Former director of Los Alamos National Laboratory dead after car crash in New Mexico

FILE - Charles McMillan, center, director of Los Alamos Laboratory, talks to reporters during a news conference in Los Alamos, N.M., June 28, 2011. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong, File)

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LOS ALAMOS, N.M. (AP) — A former top official in U.S. nuclear weapons research at Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos national laboratories has died from injuries after an automobile crash in New Mexico, authorities said. He was 69.

Charles McMillan, an experimental physicist, spent nearly 23 years in various positions at Livermore in California and about 18 years at Los Alamos, where he was director for six years before retiring in 2017.

He died at a hospital after a two-vehicle crash early Friday on a stretch of road known as Main Hill, not far from the laboratory, police and the current lab director said.

“On behalf of the entire Laboratory, I would like to express deepest sympathies to the McMillan family and to the many current and former employees who worked closely with Charlie and knew him well,” lab Director Thom Mason said in a statement reported by the Santa Fe New Mexican .

Michael Drake, president of the University of California system, issued a statement calling McMillan “an extraordinary leader, scientist and human being who made far-reaching contributions to science and technology in service to national security and the greater good.”

The Livermore laboratory, east of San Francisco, was established as a university offshoot in 1952 and is now operated by the federal government. It maintains a close relationship with campuses and Drake’s office.

McMillan joined Los Alamos National Laboratory in 2006 after his friend and mentor, Michael Anastasio, became director. McMillan served as the principal associate director for weapons programs before becoming director in 2011, the New Mexican reported.

He oversaw the lab during expansion and safety incidents, including a 2014 radiation leak at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in southern New Mexico attributed to a waste drum that was improperly packaged at the lab. The National Nuclear Security Administration found in 2015 that the lab violated health and safety rules and docked it more than $10 million in performance awards.

Mason pointed to McMillan’s work to develop a vaccine for HIV and new modeling to better understand climate change.

Democratic U.S. Sen. Martin Heinrich of New Mexico credited McMillan with “invaluable contributions to our state, to science, and to our national security” and cited his work on supercomputing and artificial intelligence.

Nella Domenici, Heinrich’s Republican challenger for U.S. Senate, called McMillan’s death “a great loss to the scientific community and his family.”

Los Alamos police and fire officials said three people were treated for injuries and McMillan and a 22-year-old woman were hospitalized after the crash, which occurred about 5 a.m. The cause was being investigated.

September National Health Observances: Healthy Aging, Sickle Cell Disease, and More

Each month, we feature select National Health Observances (NHOs) that align with our priorities for improving health across the nation. In September, we’re raising awareness about healthy aging, sickle cell disease, substance use recovery, and HIV/AIDS. 

Below, you’ll find resources to help you spread the word about these NHOs with your audiences. 

• Healthy Aging Month Each September, we celebrate Healthy Aging Month to promote ways people can stay healthy as they age. Explore our healthy aging resources , bookmark the Healthy People 2030 and Older Adults page , share our Move Your Way® materials for older adults , and check out the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Midcourse Report . You can also share resources related to healthy aging from the National Institute on Aging — and register for the 2024 National Healthy Aging Symposium to hear from experts on innovations to improve the health and well-being of older adults.
• National Recovery Month The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) sponsors National Recovery Month to raise awareness about mental health and addiction recovery. Share our MyHealthfinder resources on substance use and misuse — and be sure to check out Healthy People 2030’s evidence-based resources related to drug and alcohol use . 
• National Sickle Cell Awareness Month National Sickle Cell Awareness Month is a time to raise awareness and support people living with sickle cell disease. Help your community learn about sickle cell disease by sharing these resources from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) . You can also encourage new and expecting parents to learn about screening their newborn baby for sickle cell . And be sure to view our Healthy People 2030 objectives on improving health for people who have blood disorders .
• National HIV/AIDS and Aging Awareness Day (September 18) On September 18, we celebrate HIV/AIDS and Aging Awareness Day to encourage older adults to get tested for HIV. Share CDC’s Let’s Stop HIV Together campaign to help promote HIV testing, prevention, and treatment. MyHealthfinder also has information for consumers about getting tested for HIV and actionable questions for the doctor about HIV testing . Finally, share these evidence-based resources on sexually transmitted infections from Healthy People 2030.
• National Gay Men’s HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (September 27) National Gay Men’s HIV/AIDS Awareness Day on September 27 highlights the impact of HIV on gay and bisexual men and promotes strategies to encourage testing. Get involved by sharing CDC’s social media toolkit and HIV information to encourage men to get tested — and share our MyHealthfinder resources to help people get tested for HIV and talk with their doctor about testing .

We hope you’ll join us in promoting these important NHOs with your networks to help improve health across the nation!

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A geochemical analysis suggests that Stonehenge’s Altar Stone came from northern Scotland — plus, chemists have finally discovered how to break selenium bonds unevenly.

• Nick Petrić Howe
•  &  Dan Fox

One-quarter of unresponsive people with brain injuries are conscious

More people than we thought who are in comas or similar states can hear what is happening around them, a study shows.

• Julian Nowogrodzki

Research Highlight | 07 August 2024

Engineered brain parasite ferries useful proteins into neurons

Microbe found in cat poo could be harnessed to deliver large, complex proteins across the blood–brain barrier.

News | 07 August 2024

Breast-cancer cells enlist nerves to spread throughout the body

Surprising results show that ‘sensory’ nerves, which carry information to the brain, have a direct role in helping tumours to metastasize.

News Feature | 07 August 2024

Blood tests could soon predict your risk of Alzheimer’s

Scientists are closing in on biomarkers that reflect the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and could improve treatments.

• Alison Abbott

Article 07 August 2024 | Open Access

DNA-sensing inflammasomes cause recurrent atherosclerotic stroke

This study describes sensing of circulating cell-free DNA after stroke as the mechanism leading to recurrent ischemic events.

• , Stefan Roth
•  &  Arthur Liesz

The genomic landscape of 2,023 colorectal cancers

Whole-genome sequencing of more than 2,000 colorectal carcinoma samples provides a highly detailed view of the genomic landscape of this cancer and identifies new driver mutations.

• Alex J. Cornish
• , Andreas J. Gruber
•  &  Richard S. Houlston

Obituary | 25 July 2024

V. Craig Jordan obituary: pharmacologist who revolutionized breast cancer treatments

Pioneer of targeted therapy in cancer who turned failed contraceptive tamoxifen into an essential drug for treating breast cancer and osteoporosis.

• Balkees Abderrahman

News & Views | 24 July 2024

Cancer spread in the liver is unlocked from within

How spreading tumour cells gain the ability to grow in organs away from where they originated is not fully understood. The discovery that normal liver cells help invading tumour cells to thrive in this organ sheds light on this process.

• Katharina Woess
•  &  Direna Alonso-Curbelo

Article 17 July 2024 | Open Access

Psilocybin desynchronizes the human brain

Healthy adults were tracked before, during and after high doses of psilocybin and methylphenidate to assess how psychedelics can change human brain networks, and psilocybin was found to massively disrupt functional connectivity in cortex and subcortex with some changes persisting for weeks.

• Joshua S. Siegel
• , Subha Subramanian
•  &  Nico U. F. Dosenbach

Correspondence | 16 July 2024

Abandoning randomized controlled trials won’t help cancer treatment

• Lorenzo Fornaro
•  &  Francesco Crea

News & Views | 16 July 2024

The death forecast: how weather affects human mortality

A link between the death rate and summer temperatures, and Lord Kelvin’s scientific achievements celebrated, in our weekly dip into Nature’s archive.

Outlook | 11 July 2024

Saliva-based tests offer an alternative to nasal swabbing

Drooling into a tube is not only more comfortable than nasal testing, it could also detect disease earlier.

• Neil Savage

Nature Podcast | 10 July 2024

Breastfeeding should break down mothers’ bones — here’s why it doesn’t

A hormone discovered in mice could help keep bones healthy during lactation, and a new way to edit genes in the gut microbiome.

• Benjamin Thompson
•  &  Nick Petrić Howe

News | 10 July 2024

How anti-obesity drugs cause nausea: finding offers hope for better drugs

The neurons that produce a sick feeling and food aversion are distinct from those that induce a feeling of fullness.

Article 10 July 2024 | Open Access

Repeated plague infections across six generations of Neolithic Farmers

Population-scale ancient genomics are used to infer ancestry, social structure and pathogen infection in 108 Scandinavian Neolithic individuals from eight megalithic graves and a stone cist, showing that Neolithic plague was widespread.

• Frederik Valeur Seersholm
• , Karl-Göran Sjögren
•  &  Martin Sikora

Research Highlight | 04 July 2024

AI tool can pinpoint dementia’s cause — from stroke to Alzheimer’s

Algorithm that distinguishes among a host of underlying causes of dementia could be used for diagnosis in hospitals and clinics.

News | 01 July 2024

Bionic leg moves like a natural limb — without conscious thought

Computer interface links signals from the brain to an artificial limb, giving the wearer better balance, flexibility and speed.

• Miryam Naddaf

News | 20 June 2024

Gut microbiome discovery provides roadmap for life-saving cancer therapies

The balance between bacterial communities in the gut affects the likelihood of a positive response to drugs called checkpoint inhibitors.

Editorial | 19 June 2024

Human neuroscience is entering a new era — it mustn’t forget its human dimension

The field is taking a leap forward thanks to innovative technologies, such as artificial intelligence. Researchers must improve consent procedures and public involvement.

Outlook | 19 June 2024

Could rats and dogs detect disease better than the finest lab equipment?

The animals’ keen sense of smell could improve the detection of illnesses such as cancer and tuberculosis.

• Sarah DeWeerdt

News & Views | 19 June 2024

First encounter with SARS-CoV-2: immune portraits of COVID susceptibility

Controlled infection with SARS-CoV-2 of people who hadn’t previously been exposed to the virus reveals how molecular and cellular signatures of the immune response portend effective defence against COVID-19.

• Benjamin Israelow
•  &  Akiko Iwasaki

News | 19 June 2024

Cheaper versions of blockbuster obesity drugs are being created in India and China

As the patents on various weight-loss drugs near expiry, companies in India and China are vying to make lower-cost versions that will widen access to such treatments.

• Smriti Mallapaty

News Feature | 12 June 2024

Hope, despair and CRISPR — the race to save one woman’s life

Researchers in India fought to develop what could have been the first therapy to use gene-editing to halt a rare neurodegenerative disease. The efforts hold lessons for the messy state of modern drug development.

Correspondence | 11 June 2024

Embryo models need consistent ethical oversight

• Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz
•  &  Insoo Hyun

News Feature | 11 June 2024

How personalized cancer vaccines could keep tumours from coming back

The same mRNA technology that quickly brought the world a vaccine for COVID-19 is now showing promise as a bespoke therapy for cancer.

• Elie Dolgin

Perspective | 11 June 2024

A second space age spanning omics, platforms and medicine across orbits

The current ‘second space age’ has enabled multiple studies on the effects of spaceflight on human physiology and health, which are contributing to the development of measures that will be needed to maintain astronaut health in future space missions.

• Christopher E. Mason
• , James Green
•  &  Afshin Beheshti

Article 11 June 2024 | Open Access

The Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) and international astronaut biobank

An integrated data and sample repository for clinical, cellular and multi-omics research from diverse spaceflight missions known as Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) is presented.

• Eliah G. Overbey
• , JangKeun Kim
•  &  Christopher E. Mason

News | 10 June 2024

Alzheimer’s drug with modest benefits wins backing of FDA advisers

Donanemab slows progression of symptoms, but questions linger about the durability of its effect.

News & Views | 05 June 2024

Brain fluid probed by ultrasound using squishy cubes

Soft solids that swell with shifts in pressure, temperature and pH provide a way of detecting such changes in the fluid around the brain. The method could be used to determine other properties of fluids elsewhere in the body.

• Jules J. Magda

News | 05 June 2024

This injectable gel can help to diagnose brain injury — then it disappears

The squishy sensors could be used to monitor the brain for tumours or injury, before eventually degrading.

• Gemma Conroy

MDMA therapy for PTSD rejected by FDA panel

Scientific advisers to the US Food and Drug Administration vote overwhelmingly that the risks of MDMA treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder outweigh the benefits.

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