poster presentation reference apa

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APA Citation Style, 7th Edition: Posters & Conference Sessions

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Citing Conference sessions, Poster abstracts, and Poster presentations

Conference sessions, poster abstracts, and poster presentations follow a significantly different format than other types of APA references.

• The author of the work is always listed first.
• Next, the FULL date of the conference is listed in the date area, so if a conference is held over several days, you need to list the date the conference starts, through the date the conference ends.
• Next add the title of the work and put it in italics, then add (in square brackets), whether it's a [Poster session], a [Poster abstract], or a [Conference session] and then add a period.
• In the source area share 1) the name of the conference or organization - or both (comma), 2) the name of the city or town the conference was held (comma), 3) the abbreviation of the state or the region (depending on the country) (comma), 4) the country the conference was held.
• Lastly share the URL of the WORK (not the conference in general) as a live hyperlink. 

Examples: 

Conference session : .

Hinck, J., Brewington, J., & Harding, K. (2018, September 12-14). Nurse educators - Making a difference in self and others to strengthen networks and partnerships [Conference session]. National League for Nursing, Chicago, IL, United States.  https://tinyurl.com/37bx7uku  

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):

(Hinck, et al., 2018). 

Poster Abstract :

Jackson, C., McCalmont, J., Ward, J. Solanki, E., Seguin, R., & Perry, C. K. (2017, October 10). Mujeres fuertes y corazones saludables: Adaptation of the Strong Women - Healthy Hearts (SWHH) program for rural Latinas using an intervention mapping approach [Poster Abstract]. 2017 Oregon Public Health Association Annual Meeting, Portland, OR, United States.  https://tinyurl.com/y2panrdm  

(Jackson, et al., 2017). 

Poster Presentation :

NOTE: Because the poster presentations of this conference were presented in a journal, there are actually two ways you could cite this particular poster abstract, either way is acceptable in APA .  

Option 1 - Referencing ONLY the poster abstract itself : 

Leckenby, S., & Acklaghi, H. (2017, November 19-23). Is point-of-care troponin enough in decision making process in emergency departments [Poster Presentation]. ACEM ASM 2017 "Impossible is Just a Perspective" Darling Harbour, Sydney, Austalia.   https://tinyurl.com/cpkjbsu5

(Leckenby & Acklaghi, 2017). 

Option 2 - Referencing the poster abstract within the actual journal & supplement that printed the conference abstract : 

Leckenby, S., & Acklaghi, H. (2018). Is point-of-care troponin enough in decision making process in emergency departments [Poster Presentation]. Emergency Medicine Australasia, 30 (S1), 43-44.  https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.12962  

Carrie Forbes, MLS

Page References

Citation information has been adapted from the APA Manual (7th Edition). Please refer to page 332-333 of the APA Manual (7th Edition) for more information.

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APA Citation Style, 7th edition: Conferences

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About Citing Sources

For each type of source in this guide, both the general form and an example will be provided.

The following format will be used:

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase) - entry that appears in the body of your paper when you express the ideas of a researcher or author using your own words.  For more tips on paraphrasing check out The OWL at Purdue .

In-Text Citation (Quotation) - entry that appears in the body of your paper after a direct quote.

References - entry that appears at the end of your paper.

Information on citing and several of the examples were drawn from the APA Manual (7th ed.) .

Conference Sessions, Papers, and Posters

Note: Conference sessions, papers, and posters all follow the same citation style. The only change is in the brackets following the title of the contribution, denoting the format. Use the description provided by the conference, e.g. [Poster presentation], [Key-note address], [Conference session], etc.

General Format

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):

(Presenter Surname, Year)

In-Text Citation (Quotation):

References:

Presenter Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year, Month Day-Day). Presentation title [Format]. Conference Name, Location. DOI or URL of website.

Tip: Include the full run of the conference in the date section, not just the day of the presentation.

(Pearson, 2018)

Pearson, J. (2018, September 27-30). Fat talk and its effects on state-based body image in women [Poster presentation]. Australian Psychological Society Congress, Sydney, NSW, Australia. http://bit.ly/2XGSThP 

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Citation Help for APA, 7th Edition: Conference Presentations

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• Ethically Use Sources

General Example & Explanation

Variations - URLs?

Some URLs may be long and complicated. APA 7th edition allows the use of shorter URLs. Shortened URLs can be created using any URL shortener service; however, if you choose to shorten the URL, you must double-check that the URL is functioning and brings the reader to the correct website. 

Common URL Shortner websites include:

More Information

For more information about URLs, see Section 9.36 on page 300 of APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE:  Check your instructor's preference about using short URLs. Some instructors may want the full URL. 

Variations - DOIs?

Some DOIs may be long and complicated. APA 7th edition allows the use of shorter DOI numbers. Shortened DOIs can be located at the International DOI Foundations, shortDOI Service . 

More Information:

For more information about DOIs, see Section 9.36 on page 300 of APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE: Check your instructor's preference for using short DOIs. Some instructors may want the full DOI. 

Variations - Live Hyperlinks?

Should my urls be live.

It depends. When adding URLs to a paper or other work, first, be sure to include the full hyperlink. This includes the http:// or the https://. Additionally, consider where and how the paper or work will be published or read. If the work will only be read in print or as a Word doc or Google Doc, then the URLs should not be live (i.e., they are not blue or underlined). However, if the work will be published or read online, then APA advises to include live URLs. This would allow the reader to click on a link and go to the source.   

For more information, see Section 9.35 on pages 299-300 of the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE: Check your instructor's preference about using live URLs. Some instructors may not want you to use live URLs. 

Conference Presentation

Conference sessions and presentations include conference sessions, paper presentations, poster presentations, keynote addresses, and symposium contributions. In brackets after the title, disclose the presentation type as described by the conference. 

For more information about conference sessions and presentations, see Section 10.5 on page 332 of the APA Manual, 7th ed. 

Reeve, D., Rottmann, C., & Sacks, R. (2015, June 14-15). The ebb and flow of engineering leadership orientations [Conference session].

2015 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings, Seattle, WA, United States. https://doi.org/10.18260/p.24857

Presenters: Reeve, D., Roffmann, C., & Sacks, R. 

Begin the reference with the presenter's last name. Add a comma after the presenter's last name. Then, add the presenter's first and middle name represented by initials. Add a period after each initial. If the presenter provides a middle name, be sure to add a space between the first and middle initial. If there are additional presenters, add a comma after the middle initials, and proceed to add the other presenters using the same format as described. Add additional presenters in the exact order they are listed in the conference session. Do not change the order of the presenters. Before the last presenter, add an ampersand (&).   

Date(s) of Conference: (2015, June 14-17). 

Next, add the date of the conference. In parentheses, add the year, followed by a comma and the month, followed by the day. If the conference took place over multiple days, list the full date range of the conference with a hyphen between the days. Add a period after the parentheses.  

Title of the Conference Session: The ebb and flow of engineering leadership orientations [Conference session]. 

Next, add the title and subtitle of the conference session. The title and subtitle are separated by a colon. Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle as well as proper nouns. Italicize the title. After the title, in brackets, add a description of the contribution (i.e., conference session, poster presentation, keynote address, etc.). Be sure to use the description that the conference uses. Add a period after the brackets.   

Source Information:  2015 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings, Seattle, WA, United States. https://doi.org/10.18260/p.24857

Complete the reference with the conference location and the DOI or URL. Add the full title of the conference followed by a comma. Then, add the city, state abbreviation, and country where the conference took place. Finally, add the DOI in the form of https://doi.org OR add the URL to the conference paper. Do not add a period after the DOI or the URL.

For more information and examples, see pages 332-333 of the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

Parenthetical Citation Example:

(Reeve et al., 2015)

Narrative Citation Example:

Reeve et al. (2015) explained .....

If a source has 3 or more authors, list the first author followed by et al. Follow this format even when using the source for the first time in the paper. For more information about author format within parenthetical and narrative citations, see Section 8.17 and Table 8.1 on page 266 of the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

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Citing conferences: APA (7th ed.) citation guide

This guide is based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7th ed. It provides selected citation examples for common types of sources. For more detailed information consult directly a  print copy  of the style manual.

Check out APA's Guide to what's new for APA 7 .

Keep track of your document references/citations and format your reference lists easily with Citation management software .

Conference keynote addresses, paper presentations, poster presentations, sessions

Refer to APA's Conference presentation references   or consult the guide directly (Section 10.5, textual works, pp. 332-333).

Presenter, A. A., & Presenter, B. B. (Year, Month day range). Title of contribution [Type of contribution]. Conference name, Location. DOI or URL

Reference list example

Fairey, E. & McKenzie, J. (2012, May 30—June 2). "If it ain’t broke, why fix it?”: Simon Fraser University Library’s liaison librarian service review [Presentation]. CLA 2012 National Conference and Trade Show, Ottawa, ON.

Bodnar, M. (2016, May 30—June 2). Problems as possibilities: A Topic Generation Portal to help instructors efficiently draft assignment topics [Poster presentation]. WILU 2016 Conference, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Reference in text example

(Bodnar, 2016)

(Fairey & McKenzie, 2012)

• Include a description of the presentation in square brackets [ ] after title (e.g., [Conference session], [Paper presentation], [Poster presentation], [Keynote address]).
• If video available, include link at the end of the reference.
• Check out how to format reverse italics as seen in the Bodnar poster presentation example above.
• If only Citing the abstract of a conference presentation , include "abstract" as part of description.
• Refer to How to create an APA Style reference for a cancelled conference presentation .

Conference proceedings

Refer to APA's Conference proceedings references or consult the guide (Section 10.5, textual works, p.332).

Published conference proceedings may be cited either like chapters in edited books (first example) or like journal articles (second example). This will depend on whether the publication is treated as a series (e.g. has an ISBN and an editor) or as a periodical (i.e. it is published annually).

Iyengar, S. S., & DeVoe, S. E. (2003). Rethinking the value of choice: Considering cultural mediators of intrinsic motivation. In R. Dienstbier (ed.),  Nebraska Symposium on Motivation: Vol. 49 .  Cross-cultural differences in perspectives on the self (pp. 129-174). University of Nebraska Press.

Shennan, S. (2008). Canoes and cultural evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 , 3416-3420. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0800666105

(Iyengar & DeVoe, 2003)

(Shennan, 2008)

• Capitalize the name of the symposium, conference or meeting (Chapter 6, Capitalization, p. 165).

Symposium contribution

Reference of this type of document uses the works that are part of a greater whole format , that is, like a chapter in an edited book or an article in a journal. 

Consult example 63 in the guide (Section 10.5, textual works, p. 333).

Contributor, A. A., & Contributor, B. B. (Year, Month, date range). Title of contribution. In C. C. Chairperson (Chair), Title of symposium [Symposium]. Conference name, Location. DOI or URL

Lane, J. (2013, May 13—15). Teaching as the class clown: What clowning can bring to the classroom and the lecture hall. In C. Kurbis (Chair), Embracing Change at SFU [Symposium]. 13th Symposium on Teaching and Learning, Burnaby, BC, Canada.

(Lane, 2013)

APA 7th Edition - University of Lincoln

• APA style and referencing
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Conference sessions include paper presentations, poster sessions, keynote addresses, etc. Use square brackets after the title to describe the type of conference session - e.g. [Poster presentation].

To help readers retrieve the source, include the date for the whole conference and its location. 

Conference proceedings that are published in a journal or book follow the same format as for a journal article , edited book or chapter in an edited book .

See also the guidance on the APA's Style website at: https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples/conference-presentation-references And https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples/conference-proceeding-references

Conference session

Parenthetical citation

(Fergus et al., 2008)  

Narrative citation

Fergus et al. (2008)

Reference List   

Fergus, P., Abdulaimma, B., Carter, C., & Round, S. (2014, January 10-13).  Interactive mobile technology for children

        with autism spectrum condition  [Conference session]. Consumer Communications and Networking Conference,

        Las Vegas, NV, United States.  http://doi.org/10.1109/CCNC.2014.6866647    

1.Presenter(s)’ surname(s), comma, followed by their initial(s) with a full stop after each initial (and comma if more than one presenter) 

2. Date of conference in the format of year, month and dates in round brackets followed by a full stop 

3. Title of the conference paper (and subtitle if applicable) in italics, type of contribution in square brackets, followed by a full stop  

4. Conference name and location followed by a full stop. 

5. DOI or URL (if there is one) 

Conference paper presentation

Parenthetical citation 

(Coleman & Oliveros, 2019)

Coleman and Oliveros (2019)

Reference list 

Coleman, A., & Oliveros, A. (2019, March 20–23). Using humor to cope predicts higher emotional and 

       behavioral dysfunction  [Paper presentation]. Southeastern Psychological Association 65th Annual Meeting,

       Jacksonville, FL, United States. 

Format: 

Presenter(s)’ surname(s), Initial(s). (Year, month dates of conference).  Title of conference paper  [Paper

     presentation]. Conference name, location. DOI or URL (if there is one)

Conference paper published in book form

This follows the format of a chapter in an edited book. 

Parenthetical citation  

(Taylor & Lindsay, 2006)  

Taylor and Lindsay (2006)

Reference list  

Taylor, J. L., & Lindsay, W. R. (2006). Developments in the treatment and management of offenders with intellectual disabilities.

       In L. Falshaw & L. Rayment (Eds.),  Division of forensic psychology conference 2006: Invited symposiums  (pp. 23-31).

       British Psychological Society.  

Format:  

Author Surname(s), Initial(s). (Year). Title of paper. In Editor Initial(s). Surname (Ed.(s.),  Conference Title: Subtitle  (page range).

       Publisher. DOI (if there is one)

Conference poster presentations

Parenthetical citation  

(Fothergill & Bromnick, 2016) 

Fothergill and Bromnick (2016)

Fothergill, R. & Bromnick, R. (2016, April 26-28). Intentions to work with older adults: a critical exploration of psychology

       students’ motivations and ambition  [Poster presentation]. British Psychological Society Annual Conference, 

       Nottingham.  http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/id/eprint/24576/   

Presenter Surname, Initial(s). (Year, Month, dates of conference).  Title of poster  [Poster presentation]. Conference

       name, location. DOI or URL (if there is one)

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APA Citation Style, Seventh Edition

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Section 10.5

• Include a label in square brackets after the title that describes the type of presentation (e.g., Poster presentation, Symposium).
• List all contributing authors, including those not in attendance.
• The date should match the date(s) of the full conference. 
• Include the location of the conference.

Citing Other Sources

Personal Interview s Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers  Lecture Materials  Email s Religious and Classical Works Secondary Sources Theses and Dissertations Conference Sessions and Presentations  Government Reports and Grey Literature  Business Sources Legal Sources

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APA 7th Edition Citation Guide Conference Presentations and Publications

Conference presentation.

For conference presentations, include the presenters' names, the dates of the entire conference, the title of the presentation, a description of the presentation, the name of the conference, the location of the conference, and a link if it is available.

The description of the presentation is flexible and should be included in square brackets after the title: e.g. [Conference presentation], [Poster session], [Keynote address], [Paper presentation], etc.

Reference Page Format:

Presenter, P. P. (Year, Month Days). Title of the presentation [Description of the presentation]. Title of Conference. City, State, and Country where the conference took place. Hyperlink.

Reference Page Example:

Sanentz, S. N., & Lesk, M. (2015, November 6-10). Toward a semantic stability index (SSI) via a preliminary exploration of translation looping [Poster session]. 78th ASIS&T Annual Meeting: Information Science with Impact: Research in and for the Community, St. Louis, MO, United States. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2857143

In-text Citation Examples:

Sanentz and Lesk (2015) shared that ... ...( Sanentz & Lesk,  2015 ).

Conference Publication

Conference publications can vary in how they are formatted, generally being published in the form of journal articles, whole books, or book chapters. Determine which option best fits the source you found and cite it as you would a journal article , book , or book chapter . 

Below is an example of a conference publication formatted similarly to a chapter in a book.

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of article.  In A. A. Editor, Title of conference proceeding. Publisher.  DOI or URL

Erdelez, S., Howarth, L. C., & Gibson, T. (2015). How can information science contribute to Alzheimer's disease research? In  Proceedings of the 78th ASIS&T Annual Meeting: Information science with impact: Research in and for the communit y .  Association of Information Science and Technology. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2857076

Erdelez et al. (2015) shared that ... ...( Erdelez et al.,  2015).

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Academic posters.

• APA Academic Poster Template & Formatting
• Humanities Posters
• Tips for Poster Planning
• Sample Posters (Scientific, Humanities, Aviation)
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Academic Poster Template

There is no APA Poster format, but this PowerPoint template uses APA citation and tables/figures format. There are other tools you can use to create a poster; just be sure to follow APA guidelines for figures/tables and citations.

• 48"x36" PowerPoint Poster Template Click to open the PowerPoint Poster Template!

Poster Headings/Sections

Typical poster sections .

See your professor or conference for your required sections. Typical posters follow the IMRaD format: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion/Conclusion. See the Humanities Poster page for more section ideas. 

Other sections include:

• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Research Question/statement/hypothesis
• Future Research
• Funding Acknowledgement

Academic Poster Setup

Powerpoint setup.

Most of these instructions are for Powerpoint on a desktop.

• Go to the Design tab > Slide size > Custom Slide Size > Set the width and height, and choose landscape (if a message pops up that "the current page size exceeds the printable area of the paper in the printer" just click OK)
• Standard Poster size is 48” wide x 36” tall - but check with your professor or with the conference and your printer (if you are presenting at a conference)
• The header in this poster is created with a rounded rectangle
• Go to the Insert tab > Shapes > choose a rounded rectangle (or other shapes) 
• This header box is 4" tall x 47" wide
• To see and manage box sizes, use the grab handles on the shape OR go to the Format tab > size
• Change the shape, fill color, and outline on the Format tab - this shape has Lynn blue fill
• Three columns are common but not required
• The columns in the poster template are rectangles
• Go to the Insert tab > Shapes > choose a rectangle (or other shapes) 
• The two side boxes are 30.5" tall x 14" wide; the center box is 30.5" tall x 17" wide
• On a desktop: on the Format tab
• On an iPad: click on the shape to select it, then on the "Shape" button near the top right
• Save your poster as a PDF (for printing). Go to the File tab > Save as Adobe PDF > choose "yes" to save the file, then name it and save

PowerPoint: change the size of the slide to poster size

Google Slides Setup

• Go to the File tab, select Page Setup > In the drop-down menu, choose custom, enter the numbers, and click apply.
• Go to the Insert tab > Shape > Shapes > choose a shape
• To see and manage box sizes, use the blue grab handles on the shape OR go to Format Options > Size & Rotation

Style: Fonts, Colors, & Sizes

Required font.

See the Lynn Style guide .

• Use Helvetica Neue Light, Bold, Italic, and Bold Italic.
• Ariel is an acceptable substitution if Helvetic Neue is not available.

Lynn Colors

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• Web (Hex)  #003DA5
• CMYK 0.0.0.0
• RGB 255.255.255
• Web (Hex) #FFFFFF
• PMS Cool Gray 5
• CMYK 13.9.10.27
• RGB 177.179.179
• Web (Hex) #B1B3B3

Suggested Font sizes

This depends on the size of your poster. Follow these suggestions for best accessibility.

• Main title: 72 point (minimum) - 158 point (ideal)
• Section headings: 42 point (minimum) - 56 point (ideal)
• Body text: 24 point (minimum) - 36 point (ideal)
• Captions: 18 point (minimum) - 24 point (ideal)
• See this article for examples of 24, 72, 150, and 300 dpi: DOI, Resolution, and Proportion
• See this article for more details about dpi and resolution: Resolution Explained
• For the best outcome, see Creative Services in the library before printing to ensure your images will print clearly.

Note that an image that looks good on the computer screen will not necessarily print well (Elements drawn with PowerPoint’s drawing tools will retain their sharpness at any size)

Compare 72 dpi (left) and 300 dpi (right)

Image Source:  https://alexanders.com/additional-resources/dpi-resolution-and-proportion/

About Tables, Figures, & Images

Tips for images, figures, and tables:.

• Follow copyright law  and university policies for the university logo and any images (do not use the university seal, that is reserved for official use only).
• Follow APA format for Figures and Tables . Graphics should have clear labels; if you did not make the table, figure, or chart, include an APA citation in a note below the chart (see sample image). 
• Insert images directly into PowerPoint, do not copy and paste.
• Do copy and paste excel charts and graphs into PowerPoint.
• Use the corner “grab handle” (the small box in the corner when an image is selected) or the size section on the format tab to resize images– this will avoid skewing or stretching the image out of proportion.

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• Last Updated: Aug 8, 2024 12:28 PM
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APA Style 6th Edition: Citing Your Sources

• Basics of APA Formatting
• In Text Quick View
• Block Quotes
• Books & eBooks
• Thesis/Dissertation
• Conference Presentations

Standard Format

Various examples.

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Unpublished Paper

Contributor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year, Month of presentation). Title of contribution. In First Initial. Second Initial. Chairperson Surname (Chair), Title of conference. Conference conducted at the meeting of Organization Name, Location.

Paper Presentation or Poster Session

Presenter Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year, Month). Title of paper or poster session. Paper presented at the meeting of Organization Name, Location.

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• Last Updated: Sep 22, 2022 11:20 AM
• URL: https://libguides.usc.edu/APA-citation-style

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Q. How do I cite a poster presentation using APA style?

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Answered By: Hacherl Research & Writing Studio Last Updated: Apr 27, 2020     Views: 171169

The APA website provides guidance on citing poster presentations here:  https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples/conference-presentation-references

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• APA citations and formatting

How do I cite a presentation that I attended in APA formatting?

To reference or cite a presentation or poster that was done at a meeting, follow this pattern:

Presenter, F.M. (year, month). Title of paper or poster . Paper or poster session presented at the meeting of Organization Name, Location.

Chen, D.H., Greenwald, A.G., & Yamaguchi, S. (2003, June). Cross-cultural comparisons  of implicit and explicit self-esteem . Poster presented at the 5th annual meeting of the NorthWest Cognition and Memory Conference, Seattle, WA.

In NoodleTools, select the "Viewed/Heard Live" tab, then choose the Lecture Speech or Reading .

Note: if you are looking for information on how to put references and citations in a Power Point presentation that you yourself are giving, click here  http://rasmussen.libanswers.com/faq/32484

• Reading and Writing
• Last Updated Jun 22, 2018
• Views 187480
• Answered By Kerry Louvier

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Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts

APA Classroom Poster

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Note:  This page reflects APA 6, which is now out of date. It will remain online until 2021, but will not be updated. The equivalent APA 7 page can be found here .

The APA poster at the link below is a printable jpg file you may download and print out at different sizes for use in classrooms, writing centers, or as a pocket reference. Please keep in mind that the file size, as a print-quality resource (120 dpi), is large, so it may take a while to download. You may adjust the print size of the poster from your print menu. As is, the poster is 27 x 36 inches.

Because the poster is quite large, standard printers cannot print the poster. If you do not have access to a printer that can print large documents, contact a local print shop to print the poster. The Purdue OWL cannot grant requests to print and mail posters. If you do not have access to a print shop to print the poster, please use the resources we have available here for printing on standard 8.5 x 11 inch paper. Go to resource you would like to print, scroll down to the bottom of the page, and click "Full Resource for Printing."

Also please note that the poster only contains basic APA guidelines. For detailed instructions, please see the complete OWL APA resources here .

The Purdue OWL APA Classroom Poster was developed by Kate Bouwens for the Purdue Professional Writing - Purdue OWL Internship class, English 490, in spring 2009.

Purdue OWL APA Classroom Poster (Please note: The poster is best viewed in Firefox.)

PowerPoint Slide or Lecture Note References

This page contains reference examples for PowerPoint slides or lecture notes, including the following:

• PowerPoint slides available online
• PowerPoint slides from a classroom website

Use these formats to cite information obtained directly from slides.

If the slides contain citations to information published elsewhere, and you want to cite that information as well, then it is best to find, read, and cite the original source yourself rather than citing the slides as a secondary source.

Writers creating PowerPoint presentations in APA Style should present information clearly and concisely. Many APA Style guidelines can be applied to presentations (e.g., the guidance for crediting sources, using bias-free language, and writing clearly and concisely).

However, decisions about font size, amount of text on a slide, color scheme, use of animations, and so on are up to writers; these details are not specified as part of APA Style.

1. PowerPoint slides available online

Jones, J. (2016, March 23). Guided reading: Making the most of it [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/hellojenjones/guided-reading-making-the-most-of-it

• Parenthetical citation : (Jones, 2016)
• Narrative citation : Jones (2016)
• When the slides are available online to anyone, provide the site name on which they are hosted in the source element of the reference, followed by the URL of the slides.

2. PowerPoint slides from a classroom website

Mack, R., & Spake, G. (2018). Citing open source images and formatting references for presentations [PowerPoint slides]. Canvas@FNU. https://fnu.onelogin.com/login

• Parenthetical citation : (Mack & Spake, 2018)
• Narrative citation : Mack and Spake (2018)
• If the slides come from a classroom website, learning management system (e.g., Canvas, Blackboard, Moodle, Sakai), or company intranet and you are writing for an audience with access to that resource, provide the name of the site and its URL (use the login page URL for sites requiring login).
• If the audience for which are you writing does not have access to the slides, cite them as a personal communication .

PowerPoint slide references are covered in the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Section 10.14 and the Concise Guide Section 10.12

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CORE 1000: Introduction to Future Studies

• APA Citation Style Information
• ATC & Study Space Information

University Writing Services

• University Writing Services "Whether you are brainstorming your first assignment at Saint Louis University or putting the final touches on your dissertation, SLU's University Writing Services can offer individualized feedback on your writing and composition process."

Plagiarism Prevention

Learn more at the slu academic integrity pages, slu academic integrity policy, helpful apa citation style sources.

In addition to the sources below, check out SLU Librarian Jamie Emery's guide  Style Guides & Manuals , including resources for APA, MLA, Chicago & more.

Includes information on APA style citations, as well as information on other citation styles and formatting. This site also includes a variety of other useful writing related information.

APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 7th edition of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (7th ed.).

This poster created by Purdue Owl summarizes APA style in a visual format.

The style and grammar guidelines pages present information about APA Style as described in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition and the Concise Guide to APA Style, Seventh Edition.

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