final thesis examples

Final Thesis Statement

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Crafting a compelling final thesis statement is an essential aspect of academic writing, encapsulating the core argument and purpose of your research. This concise yet potent sentence serves as a roadmap for your readers, guiding them through your paper’s key ideas. In this guide, we’ll explore exemplary final thesis statement examples, break down the art of constructing one step by step, and offer valuable tips to ensure your thesis statement effectively captures the essence of your work.

What is a Final Thesis Statement? – Definition

A final thesis statement is a concise and assertive sentence that appears at the end of the introductory paragraph of an academic paper or essay. It serves as a clear and focused declaration of the main argument or point that the writer intends to prove or discuss throughout the rest of the paper. This statement provides a roadmap for readers, outlining the scope and direction of the paper’s content.

What is an example of a Final thesis statement?

“Increasing access to quality education in underserved communities positively impacts long-term economic development by empowering individuals with skills, fostering innovation, and reducing socioeconomic disparities.”

In this example, the final thesis statement clearly presents the main topic (increasing access to education) and the key points that will be discussed (economic development, skills empowerment, innovation, and reducing disparities).

100 Final Thesis Statement Examples

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1. Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystems: Rising temperatures imperil coastal ecosystems. This thesis emphasizes sustainable conservation to protect biodiversity and coastal communities from climate change.

2. Mental Health Portrayal in Contemporary Literature: Modern literature redefines mental health narratives. This thesis explores how portrayals destigmatize disorders, offering nuanced insights into psychological complexities.

3. Social Media and Adolescent Self-Perception: Social media distorts self-worth among teens. This thesis underscores the need for education addressing media literacy and emotional resilience.

4. Automation, AI, and Workforce Evolution: Automation and AI reshape industries. This thesis advocates educational reforms for adaptable skills crucial in an evolving job landscape.

5. Historical Roots of Systemic Racism: Systemic racism’s historical origins persist. This thesis addresses ongoing responsibilities to combat racial inequalities through comprehensive social changes.

6. Fusion of Traditional and Digital Art: Art merges tradition and technology. This thesis explores how blending mediums creates novel expressions, reshaping perceptions of aesthetics.

7. Sustainable Urban Planning for the Future: Urban growth strains resources. This thesis underscores sustainable urban planning as crucial to mitigate environmental and social challenges.

8. Genetic Engineering: Ethics and Progress: Genetic engineering sparks ethical debates. This thesis examines balancing medical advancements with human autonomy and ecological diversity.

9. Global Health Security and Preparedness: Pandemics transcend borders. This thesis advocates international collaboration and readiness to minimize health crises’ impacts.

10. Empowering Women in STEM Fields: Gender equality fuels STEM innovation. This thesis promotes breaking barriers and fostering opportunities for women in science and technology.

11. Literature’s Role in Driving Social Change: Literature influences cultural shifts. This thesis explores how written works catalyze transformative changes in attitudes and societal norms.

12. Digital Privacy Amid Information Sharing: Data protection in a digital era. This thesis analyzes the balance between convenience and safeguarding personal information.

13. Cultural Diversity’s Impact on Global Business: Cultural diversity propels global commerce. This thesis examines embracing differences for effective international relations and strategies.

14. Alternative Energy and Environmental Sustainability: Renewable energy combats climate change. This thesis evaluates its potential to mitigate environmental degradation and reduce fossil fuel dependency.

15. Education’s Crucial Role in Poverty Alleviation: Education breaks the cycle of poverty. This thesis investigates its significance in skill development, community upliftment, and reducing disparities.

16. Psychological Effects of Virtual Reality: Virtual reality’s mental impact grows. This thesis probes its influence on mental health, cognitive function, and emotional well-being.

17. Ethics in AI and Autonomous Systems: AI’s ethical quandaries demand attention. This thesis delves into ensuring responsible and just use of AI and autonomous technologies.

18. Early Childhood Education’s Long-Term Benefits: Early education reaps lifelong rewards. This thesis highlights cognitive, social, and academic advantages, advocating for its prioritization.

19. Cultural Identity Amid Globalization: Cultural identity in a globalized world. This thesis explores how individuals navigate multicultural influences, shaping their sense of self.

20. Resource Depletion and Conservation Strategies: Natural resource depletion prompts action. This thesis underscores the urgency for sustainable practices to preserve Earth’s resources.

21. Technology’s Impact on Human Relationships: Technology reshapes interpersonal dynamics. This thesis delves into how digital communication affects relationships, from intimacy to social connections.

22. Bioethics and Genetic Manipulation: Genetic manipulation raises ethical questions. This thesis explores navigating the ethical landscape while harnessing genetic advancements for medical progress.

23. Urbanization and Public Health Challenges: Urban growth poses health risks. This thesis investigates strategies for sustainable urban development that prioritize public well-being.

24. Effects of Media on Body Image Perception: Media shapes body image ideals. This thesis examines media’s influence on self-perception and advocates for promoting healthy body images.

25. Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: AI transforms medical practices. This thesis explores AI’s potential to revolutionize diagnostics, treatment, and patient care in the healthcare sector.

26. Education Reform and Digital Learning: Digital learning reshapes education. This thesis analyzes the role of technology in transforming traditional educational approaches and improving learning outcomes.

27. Political Polarization and Social Media: Social media drives political division. This thesis explores the relationship between online platforms and the increasing polarization of political ideologies.

28. Cybersecurity and Protecting Digital Assets: Digital assets face security threats. This thesis delves into the importance of cybersecurity measures to safeguard sensitive information in a digital age.

29. Cultural Appropriation and Creative Expression: Cultural appropriation sparks debates. This thesis explores the fine line between appreciating and appropriating cultural elements in artistic and creative contexts.

30. Aging Population and Healthcare Systems: An aging population strains healthcare. This thesis examines how healthcare systems can adapt to meet the unique needs of elderly citizens.

31. Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development: Social entrepreneurship drives sustainability. This thesis explores how innovative business models address social and environmental challenges for lasting impact.

32. Digital Divide and Access to Technology: Digital access remains unequal. This thesis addresses the divide between technology haves and have-nots and advocates for bridging the gap.

33. Mass Media’s Influence on Political Opinion: Mass media shapes political beliefs. This thesis examines how media outlets impact public perception and influence political decision-making.

34. Space Exploration and Technological Advancements: Space exploration fuels innovation. This thesis explores how advancements in space technology drive progress across various industries on Earth.

35. Globalization and Cultural Homogenization: Globalization affects cultural diversity. This thesis investigates the tension between increased interconnectedness and the preservation of unique cultural identities.

36. Mental Health Interventions in Schools: Schools play a role in mental health. This thesis discusses strategies for integrating mental health support within educational systems to benefit students.

37. Online Education and Traditional Learning: Online education redefines learning. This thesis compares the advantages and disadvantages of online and traditional classroom-based education.

38. Impact of Social Media on Political Activism: Social media shapes political movements. This thesis explores how online platforms mobilize activism and influence social and political change.

39. Renewable Energy and Climate Change Mitigation: Renewable energy combats climate crisis. This thesis evaluates the role of sustainable energy sources in mitigating climate change’s effects.

40. Gender Stereotypes in Media Representation: Media reinforces gender stereotypes. This thesis examines how media portrayal impacts societal expectations and perceptions of gender roles.

41. Digital Addiction and Screen Time Impact: Digital addiction affects well-being. This thesis examines the consequences of excessive screen time and advocates for balanced digital engagement.

42. Environmental Conservation and Indigenous Knowledge: Indigenous knowledge supports conservation. This thesis explores the collaboration between traditional ecological wisdom and modern conservation efforts.

43. Online Privacy and Data Security: Online privacy faces threats. This thesis delves into the importance of safeguarding personal data in the digital age to prevent privacy breaches.

44. Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Employment: AI transforms job markets. This thesis discusses how automation and AI influence employment landscapes and the need for skill adaptability.

45. Mental Health Stigma and Media Representation: Media shapes mental health perception. This thesis explores how media can reduce stigma by portraying mental health struggles authentically.

46. Renewable Energy and Rural Development: Renewable energy empowers rural areas. This thesis analyzes how sustainable energy initiatives can stimulate economic growth and improve living conditions.

47. Ethics of Biotechnology and Genetic Modification: Biotechnology raises ethical concerns. This thesis examines the moral implications of genetic modification for both humans and ecosystems.

48. Social Media’s Influence on Political Participation: Social media drives political engagement. This thesis explores how online platforms mobilize citizens and amplify their participation in democratic processes.

49. Artificial Intelligence and Creative Industries: AI transforms creative fields. This thesis examines how artificial intelligence is reshaping creative processes and artistic expressions.

50. Education and Social Mobility: Education as a path to social mobility. This thesis discusses how quality education contributes to upward social mobility and reduces inequality.

51. Impacts of Digital Literacy on Society: Digital literacy shapes societies. This thesis explores the importance of digital literacy skills in promoting informed citizenship and equitable access to information.

52. Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security: Sustainable agriculture ensures food security. This thesis analyzes the connection between environmentally-friendly farming practices and global food supply.

53. Diversity and Inclusion in Corporate Culture: Diversity fosters inclusive workplaces. This thesis discusses the benefits of diverse work environments and strategies to promote inclusion in corporate culture.

54. Mental Health Interventions in Workplace Settings: Workplace mental health support matters. This thesis explores implementing interventions that enhance employee well-being and productivity.

55. Technological Innovation and Healthcare Accessibility: Innovation improves healthcare access. This thesis examines how technology expands medical services and narrows healthcare disparities.

56. Cyberbullying and Online Harassment Prevention: Digital spaces combat cyberbullying. This thesis explores strategies to prevent online harassment and create safer online environments.

57. Renewable Energy Integration into Grids: Renewable energy in power grids. This thesis evaluates the challenges and benefits of integrating renewable sources into existing energy infrastructures.

58. Climate Change Adaptation Strategies: Climate change demands adaptation. This thesis discusses strategies to cope with and mitigate the effects of a changing climate.

59. Media Influence on Consumer Behavior: Media shapes consumer choices. This thesis examines how media advertisements and information impact purchasing decisions and consumer trends.

60. Education and Environmental Awareness: Education drives environmental consciousness. This thesis explores the role of education in cultivating environmentally responsible behaviors and attitudes.

61. Artificial Intelligence and Education Enhancement: AI transforms learning experiences. This thesis delves into the integration of artificial intelligence to personalize education and improve student outcomes.

62. Wildlife Conservation and Ecosystem Preservation: Conservation safeguards ecosystems. This thesis explores the importance of protecting wildlife habitats for ecological balance and the survival of species.

63. Cybersecurity and Privacy in the Digital Age: Digital privacy under threat. This thesis examines the significance of robust cybersecurity measures to protect personal information in an interconnected world.

64. Impact of Social Media on Mental Health: Social media’s mental health effects. This thesis investigates how online platforms influence psychological well-being and advocates for responsible usage.

65. Space Exploration and Technological Innovation: Space exploration drives progress. This thesis discusses how space missions fuel technological advancements with applications on Earth.

66. Accessibility and Inclusivity in Web Design: Inclusive web design matters. This thesis explores designing digital platforms to accommodate individuals with diverse abilities for equitable access.

67. Genetic Diversity and Conservation Biology: Genetic diversity crucial for conservation. This thesis highlights how preserving genetic variation supports species resilience and ecosystem health.

68. Social Media and Political Disinformation: Social media spreads misinformation. This thesis examines the role of online platforms in disseminating false information and its impact on public discourse.

69. Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence: Ethics in AI development. This thesis explores the ethical challenges posed by artificial intelligence technologies and the need for responsible implementation.

70. Education’s Role in Climate Change Awareness: Education for climate consciousness. This thesis discusses integrating climate change education to foster informed citizenship and sustainable practices.

71. Sustainable Transportation Solutions: Transportation’s environmental impact. This thesis explores sustainable alternatives to traditional transportation modes to reduce carbon emissions.

72. Media Influence on Consumer Culture: Media shapes consumer lifestyles. This thesis examines how media representations influence cultural norms and consumer behavior patterns.

73. Mental Health Support in Marginalized Communities: Marginalized populations and mental health. This thesis advocates for tailored mental health interventions to address the unique challenges faced by marginalized communities.

74. Robotics and Future Labor Market Dynamics: Robotics and job markets. This thesis analyzes how automation impacts employment sectors and the need for retraining programs.

75. Eco-Friendly Building Design and Sustainability: Building design for sustainability. This thesis discusses eco-friendly architectural practices that minimize environmental impact and promote energy efficiency.

76. Social Media and Civic Engagement: Social media and civic participation. This thesis explores how online platforms facilitate engagement in social and political issues.

77. Urban Agriculture and Food Security: Urban farming and nutrition. This thesis investigates the role of urban agriculture in enhancing food security and promoting local sustainable practices.

78. Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare Diagnosis: AI’s role in medical diagnostics. This thesis evaluates the potential of artificial intelligence to enhance accuracy and efficiency in medical diagnosis.

79. Green Technology and Environmental Conservation: Green tech for conservation. This thesis examines how innovative technologies contribute to environmental protection and resource sustainability.

80. Education for Global Citizenship: Global citizenship through education. This thesis advocates for educational curricula that foster cultural understanding, empathy, and responsible global citizenship.

81. E-Waste Management and Environmental Impact: E-waste’s ecological consequences. This thesis explores strategies for managing electronic waste to minimize environmental harm and promote recycling.

82. Social Media and Youth Activism: Social media’s role in activism. This thesis examines how online platforms empower youth to advocate for social and political change.

83. Sustainable Fashion and Ethical Consumerism: Ethical fashion choices matter. This thesis discusses the importance of sustainable fashion practices in promoting ethical consumer behavior.

84. Artificial Intelligence in Criminal Justice: AI in law enforcement. This thesis explores the benefits and ethical concerns of using artificial intelligence in criminal justice systems.

85. Community Gardens and Urban Resilience: Community gardens enhance resilience. This thesis highlights the role of urban gardens in strengthening communities and promoting sustainable living.

86. Media Literacy Education in the Digital Age: Media literacy’s relevance today. This thesis discusses the importance of teaching critical media consumption skills to navigate the digital landscape.

87. Biodiversity Loss and Ecosystem Health: Biodiversity’s importance for ecosystems. This thesis explores the consequences of biodiversity loss on ecosystem stability and resilience.

88. Social Media’s Impact on Body Image: Social media and body perception. This thesis investigates how online platforms influence body image ideals and self-esteem.

89. Urbanization and Cultural Preservation: Urbanization and cultural heritage. This thesis examines the challenges of preserving cultural identities amidst rapid urban growth.

90. Artificial Intelligence and Ethics in Warfare: AI’s role in military ethics. This thesis delves into the ethical implications of integrating artificial intelligence into modern warfare.

91. Renewable Energy and Economic Development: Sustainable energy and economies. This thesis analyzes how renewable energy initiatives contribute to economic growth and job creation.

92. Media Framing and Public Opinion: Media’s framing of news. This thesis explores how media coverage shapes public perceptions and attitudes on various issues.

93. Green Infrastructure and Urban Sustainability: Green infrastructure in cities. This thesis discusses the benefits of integrating natural elements into urban design for sustainable and resilient cities.

94. Cybersecurity and National Security: Digital security and nations. This thesis examines the intersection of cybersecurity measures and national security strategies.

95. Education and Gender Equality: Education empowers women. This thesis advocates for educational initiatives that promote gender equality and empower women worldwide.

96. Urbanization and Health Disparities: Urbanization’s health impacts. This thesis explores how rapid urban growth contributes to health inequalities and suggests interventions for improvement.

97. Artificial Intelligence in Language Translation: AI’s impact on language barriers. This thesis evaluates the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in breaking down language barriers through translation technology.

98. Sustainable Tourism and Cultural Preservation: Tourism and cultural heritage. This thesis discusses responsible tourism practices that support cultural preservation and benefit local communities.

99. Media Influence on Political Polarization: Media’s role in polarization. This thesis explores how media narratives contribute to the widening divide in political ideologies.

100. Education for Environmental Stewardship: Environmental stewardship through education. This thesis advocates for educational programs that foster environmental awareness and responsibility.

These examples encapsulate a diverse array of research topics and areas, showcasing the versatility of thesis statements in various academic disciplines and contexts.

Final Thesis Statement Examples for Research Paper

A research paper’s thesis statements define the scope of inquiry. They concisely state the main argument or investigation focus, guiding readers through the study’s core ideas and discoveries.

• Addressing the mental health stigma, this research paper explores how media portrayals contribute to negative perceptions, emphasizing the need for accurate representation and increased public awareness.
• This research paper analyzes the impact of urban green spaces on mental well-being, revealing how proximity to nature positively influences psychological health and underscores the importance of urban planning.
• Exploring renewable energy integration in developing nations, this research paper examines the challenges and opportunities of transitioning to sustainable energy sources to address both environmental and economic goals.
• Investigating the effects of social media on political polarization, this research paper delves into echo chambers, algorithms, and their role in reinforcing ideological divisions within online communities.
• Examining the genetic basis of rare diseases, this research paper discusses how advancements in genomics contribute to diagnosis, treatment, and the potential for personalized medicine.
• This research paper explores the ethical considerations surrounding artificial intelligence and autonomous vehicles, analyzing the implications of decision-making algorithms in situations with moral dilemmas.
• Assessing the relationship between music therapy and cognitive improvement in Alzheimer’s patients, this research paper demonstrates how music interventions can enhance memory and quality of life.
• Investigating the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems, this research paper discusses the interconnectedness of ocean health, coral bleaching, and the urgent need for conservation.
• This research paper examines the economic impact of globalization on labor markets, analyzing how outsourcing and offshoring practices influence job opportunities and wage disparities.
• Exploring the role of empathy in reducing cyberbullying, this research paper investigates the effectiveness of empathy-based interventions in promoting online civility and preventing digital harassment.

Final Thesis Statement Examples for Personal Essay

Personal essays reveal unique experiences. Their final thesis statements for personal essay encapsulate the author’s viewpoint and central message, guiding the narrative while inviting readers to share in their personal insights.

• My journey through overcoming social anxiety unravels the complexities of mental health, highlighting the importance of seeking support and embracing personal growth.
• Reflecting on my cultural heritage, this personal essay explores how traditions and values shape my identity, connecting me to my roots while navigating a diverse world.
• The transformative power of travel unfolds in my personal essay as I recount a solo backpacking adventure that reshaped my perspectives and ignited a thirst for exploration.
• In this personal essay, I delve into my struggle with body image, detailing how media portrayals affected my self-esteem and the steps I took to foster self-acceptance.
• A near-death experience taught me valuable life lessons, as detailed in this personal essay, revealing the fragility of existence and inspiring a newfound appreciation for every moment.
• Through the lens of a challenging friendship, my personal essay unravels the dynamics of loyalty, betrayal, and the lessons learned from navigating complex relationships.
• This personal essay recounts my volunteering experience in a local shelter, shedding light on the rewards of selflessness and the profound impact of helping others.
• Embracing change as a constant, my personal essay chronicles my journey through various career shifts, illustrating the resilience required to adapt and thrive in an evolving world.
• Reflecting on my relationship with nature, this personal essay chronicles the solace and inspiration I find in the wilderness, showcasing how nature fuels my creativity and well-being.
• My personal essay shares the transformative power of literature in overcoming adversity, highlighting how stories provided solace, perspective, and the strength to overcome challenges.

Final Thesis Statement Examples for Argumentative Essay

Argumentative essays persuade readers. Their final thesis statements for argumentative essay assert a debatable stance, summarizing the core argument and providing a roadmap for the essay’s persuasive discourse.

• This argumentative essay advocates for stricter gun control policies, presenting statistical evidence of reduced gun violence in countries with stringent firearm regulations.
• Exploring the benefits of a universal basic income, this argumentative essay demonstrates how providing financial stability can stimulate economic growth, reduce poverty, and empower individuals.
• Presenting evidence of climate change’s human origins, this argumentative essay emphasizes the necessity of global cooperation and policy changes to combat environmental degradation.
• In this argumentative essay, the positive impact of standardized testing is debated, analyzing how such assessments contribute to educational accountability and performance improvement.
• Arguing for the adoption of renewable energy, this essay showcases the economic benefits of transitioning away from fossil fuels, from job creation to decreased reliance on imports.
• This argumentative essay discusses the value of arts education in schools, demonstrating how creative disciplines enhance critical thinking, empathy, and overall academic achievement.
• Debating the benefits and drawbacks of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), this argumentative essay examines how GMOs impact food security, health, and ecosystems.
• In this essay, the merits of online education versus traditional classroom learning are debated, exploring the accessibility, convenience, and quality of both approaches.
• Arguing for the importance of preserving indigenous languages, this essay highlights how language connects individuals to cultural heritage and fosters intergenerational bonds.
• Examining the effects of social media on adolescents, this argumentative essay evaluates the impact on mental health, self-esteem, and the role of responsible digital engagement.

Final Thesis Statement Examples for Narrative Essay

Narrative essays recount personal stories. Their final thesis statements for narrative essay capture the narrative’s essence, guiding readers into the essay’s events while reflecting the writer’s perspective.

• A heartwarming narrative essay recounts my journey of adopting a rescue dog, revealing how the bond formed between us brought healing and joy to our lives.
• Through my narrative essay, I relive the transformative summer I spent volunteering abroad, where I connected with new cultures, forged lasting friendships, and discovered my purpose.
• My narrative essay recounts the surreal experience of witnessing a meteor shower during a camping trip, capturing the beauty of the cosmos and my sense of wonder.
• In this narrative essay, I recall the challenges of starting a small business, sharing the lessons learned, the setbacks overcome, and the satisfaction of building something from scratch.
• The powerful narrative essay tells the story of my grandmother’s immigration journey, tracing her courage, sacrifices, and the legacy she instilled in our family.
• Through my narrative essay, I recount the exhilarating roller coaster ride that serves as a metaphor for life’s unpredictable twists, turns, and the thrill of embracing them.
• This narrative essay chronicles my experience facing stage fright during a school presentation, illustrating the growth that emerged from confronting my fears head-on.
• In this reflective narrative essay, I revisit a childhood memory of baking with my grandmother, revealing the cherished lessons passed down through generations.
• My narrative essay depicts the cross-country road trip that exposed me to diverse landscapes, cultures, and the realization that adventure and self-discovery await outside comfort zones.
• Through the lens of a serendipitous encounter, my narrative essay unfolds the tale of a chance meeting that led to a meaningful connection, underscoring the beauty of human interaction.

Final Thesis Statement Examples in Literature

Literary analyses delve into texts. Their final thesis statements dissect themes, characters, or literary devices, providing an interpretive lens that guides readers through the intricacies of the work.

• In Franz Kafka’s “The Metamorphosis,” Gregor Samsa’s transformation into an insect symbolizes the dehumanizing effects of modernity and societal alienation.
• Through the lens of symbolism, William Golding’s “Lord of the Flies” depicts the descent into savagery, exploring the inherent duality of human nature.
• In George Orwell’s “1984,” the omnipresent government surveillance serves as a cautionary tale about totalitarianism, highlighting the erosion of individual freedom.
• Virginia Woolf’s “Mrs. Dalloway” employs stream of consciousness to delve into the inner lives of characters, revealing the complexities of human consciousness.
• In Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird,” the mockingbird motif symbolizes innocence and empathy, serving as a poignant commentary on racial injustice.
• Emily Dickinson’s poems, characterized by their brevity and introspection, explore themes of mortality, nature, and the inner workings of the human psyche.
• Toni Morrison’s “Beloved” employs magical realism to explore the traumatic legacy of slavery, offering a unique perspective on historical trauma and healing.
• F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “The Great Gatsby” critiques the American Dream, depicting the emptiness and moral decay lurking beneath the pursuit of wealth and status.
• Shakespeare’s “Hamlet” delves into the psychological complexity of its titular character, grappling with themes of revenge, madness, and existential contemplation.
• Gabriel García Márquez’s “One Hundred Years of Solitude” utilizes magical realism to explore the interplay between reality and imagination, creating a rich tapestry of interconnected stories.

Final Thesis Statement Examples for Technology Topics

Technology-focused theses explore innovations. Their final thesis statements topics introduce the technological subject matter and highlight the intended analysis or implications of advancements.

• This essay explores the ethical implications of artificial intelligence in autonomous vehicles, addressing the challenges of decision-making algorithms in morally complex scenarios.
• Analyzing the impact of virtual reality in education, this thesis discusses how immersive experiences enhance learning outcomes and foster engagement among students.
• Blockchain technology’s potential in securing online transactions is examined, highlighting its applications beyond cryptocurrency and its role in enhancing cybersecurity.
• Investigating the role of 3D printing in healthcare, this thesis explores how additive manufacturing revolutionizes medical devices, prosthetics, and personalized treatments.
• The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices into smart homes is explored, detailing the convenience, energy efficiency, and security enhancements they offer.
• Examining the dark side of social media algorithms, this thesis discusses the spread of misinformation, echo chambers, and the challenges of algorithmic content curation.
• This thesis analyzes the implications of biometric authentication, exploring the balance between convenience and privacy in adopting fingerprint, facial, and retinal recognition.
• The transformative potential of quantum computing is discussed, detailing how quantum bits (qubits) could revolutionize data processing, cryptography, and problem-solving.
• Exploring the future of wearable technology, this thesis investigates the merging of fashion and functionality, from smart clothing to health-monitoring wearables.
• This thesis examines the ethical considerations of gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9, addressing the potential for therapeutic applications as well as concerns of unintended consequences.

Final Thesis Statement Examples for Middle School

Middle school thesis statements simplify concepts. They concisely present topics or arguments, aiding young learners in organizing their thoughts and guiding their exploration of the subject.

• This essay explores the importance of mindfulness exercises in reducing stress and improving concentration among middle school students.
• The impact of video games on academic performance is investigated, analyzing the potential benefits of moderation and responsible gaming habits.
• This thesis discusses the benefits of community service projects for middle school students, from fostering empathy to building leadership skills.
• Exploring the history of civil rights movements, this essay emphasizes their relevance today and encourages middle school students to be advocates for equality.
• The value of reading diverse literature is highlighted, encouraging middle school students to explore books that broaden their understanding of different cultures and perspectives.
• This essay discusses the impact of social media on peer relationships, promoting healthy digital communication and responsible online behavior among middle school students.
• The importance of physical activity and its connection to academic success is explored, encouraging middle school students to prioritize exercise for overall well-being.
• Exploring the concept of environmental sustainability, this essay encourages middle school students to engage in eco-friendly practices and take ownership of protecting the planet.
• This thesis examines the benefits of learning a second language in middle school, from cognitive advantages to enhancing cross-cultural communication.
• The history and significance of Earth Day are discussed, inspiring middle school students to participate in activities that promote environmental awareness and conservation.

Final Thesis Statement Examples About Freedom

Freedom-themed theses explore autonomy. Their final thesis statements articulate perspectives on freedom’s definition, significance, or limits, driving discussions about personal liberties.

• This essay explores the multifaceted nature of freedom, delving into political, social, and personal dimensions and the responsibilities that come with it.
• Freedom of expression’s role in shaping democratic societies is discussed, emphasizing the need for protecting diverse viewpoints while maintaining civility and respect.
• This thesis analyzes the tension between individual freedom and collective well-being, examining the balance governments must strike to ensure public safety without infringing on liberties.
• The significance of freedom in artistic expression is explored, showcasing how creativity flourishes when artists are empowered to challenge norms and voice dissent.
• The struggles of marginalized communities in fighting for freedom and equality are highlighted, encouraging societal recognition of historical injustices and ongoing efforts for change.
• This essay examines the relationship between freedom and responsibility, emphasizing how individuals should exercise their liberties while considering the impact on others.
• The intersection of digital privacy and personal freedom is discussed, advocating for robust privacy protections in an increasingly interconnected and surveilled world.
• Freedom of religion’s importance is explored, discussing how societies must respect diverse faiths while safeguarding individuals’ rights to practice or not practice.
• This thesis delves into the freedom of the press and its role in holding institutions accountable, illustrating how a free press contributes to transparent governance.
• The notion of inner freedom and self-empowerment is discussed, emphasizing how individuals can liberate themselves from self-doubt and societal pressures to find fulfillment.

Final Thesis Statement Examples on Science Topics

Scientific theses probe natural phenomena. Their final thesis statements introduce research questions, theories, or discoveries, offering a glimpse into the inquiry’s purpose and direction.

• This essay explores the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems, detailing the effects of warming oceans, rising sea levels, and acidification on biodiversity.
• The potential benefits of gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 are examined, discussing applications in medicine, agriculture, and the ethical considerations they entail.
• This thesis delves into the nature vs. nurture debate, investigating the interplay between genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping human traits.
• The role of vaccinations in public health is discussed, emphasizing the importance of herd immunity and dispelling misinformation surrounding vaccine safety.
• This thesis examines the process of evolution and natural selection, showcasing how species adapt to their environments over time through genetic variation.
• The scientific method’s significance in advancing knowledge is explored, highlighting its systematic approach to hypothesis testing, experimentation, and evidence-based conclusions.
• This essay discusses the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy, detailing how these elusive cosmic components shape the universe’s expansion and structure.
• The implications of artificial intelligence in medical diagnostics are analyzed, discussing how AI algorithms enhance accuracy and efficiency in disease detection.
• This thesis explores the principles of quantum mechanics, detailing phenomena like superposition and entanglement that challenge our classical understanding of reality.
• The concept of genetic engineering and its potential to address genetic disorders is examined, presenting the ethical considerations and medical breakthroughs it entails.

These examples cover a diverse range of topics and essay types, showcasing the versatility of thesis statements across different contexts and subject areas.

Difference Between a Final Thesis and a Working Thesis

A working thesis serves as an initial draft or a provisional idea that guides your research and writing process. It’s a preliminary statement that you create at the beginning of your project, subject to change as you gather more information and refine your arguments. Working theses are often broad and may not fully capture the nuances of your research.

A final thesis, on the other hand, is the polished, refined version of your working thesis that appears in the introduction of your paper. It’s the culmination of your research, analysis, and critical thinking. The final thesis succinctly conveys the main argument or point you’re making in your paper, and it is supported by evidence and well-structured analysis.  Our undergraduate thesis statement is also worth a look at

How to Write a Final Thesis Statement – Step by Step Guide

Writing a final thesis statement requires careful thought and planning. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you create a strong and effective final thesis statement:

Step 1: Understand Your Assignment and Topic:

• Read and understand your assignment prompt or research question.
• Familiarize yourself with the topic you’ll be addressing in your paper.

Step 2: Review Your Research and Analysis:

• Gather all your research materials and notes.
• Review the evidence, arguments, and analysis you’ve conducted.

Step 3: Craft a Working Thesis:

• Start by creating a working thesis that captures your preliminary understanding of the topic.
• This working thesis will serve as the foundation for your final thesis statement.

Step 4: Identify Your Main Argument:

• Reflect on your research and identify the main argument or point you want to make.
• Consider what you’ve learned from your research and how it has shaped your perspective.

Step 5: Make Your Thesis Specific:

• Refine your working thesis to be specific and focused on your main argument.
• Avoid vague or general statements that lack clarity.

Step 6: Ensure It’s Debatable:

• Your thesis should present an argument that is debatable and not just a statement of fact.
• It should invite discussion and analysis from your readers.

Step 7: Consider Counterarguments:

• Think about potential counterarguments to your thesis.
• Decide if you want to address these counterarguments directly in your thesis or leave them for the body of your paper.

Step 8: Provide a Roadmap:

• Your thesis should indicate the direction your paper will take.
• Mention the main points or themes you’ll be discussing in the body of your paper.

Step 9: Revise and Refine:

• Take time to revise and refine your thesis statement.
• Consider its clarity, specificity, and overall effectiveness.

Step 10: Seek Feedback:

• Share your thesis statement with peers, instructors, or mentors.
• Gather feedback and insights to help you further refine your statement.

Step 11: Align with Paper Structure:

• Ensure that your thesis statement aligns with the structure of your paper.
• Each paragraph should contribute to proving or supporting your thesis.

Step 12: Edit for Grammar and Clarity:

• Edit your thesis for grammar, punctuation, and clarity.
• Make sure it’s easy to understand and free of errors.

Step 13: Finalize Your Thesis:

• Once you’re satisfied with your thesis statement, consider it your final version.
• Use this statement as the guiding principle for your entire paper.

Step 14: Revisit After Writing:

• After completing your paper, revisit your thesis statement.
• Make sure it accurately reflects the content and findings of your paper.

Step 15: Proofread Your Final Paper:

• Before submitting your paper, proofread it for grammar, style, and consistency.
• Ensure that your final paper effectively supports and aligns with your thesis statement.

Remember that writing a strong final thesis statement is an iterative process. It might take several revisions to refine your statement to its strongest version. Taking the time to create a clear, focused, and arguable thesis statement will set the tone for the rest of your paper and help guide your readers through your arguments and analysis.  You may also be interested in our  education thesis statement .

Tips for Writing a Final Thesis Statement

• Be Clear and Concise: Your thesis statement should be a clear and concise reflection of your main argument. Avoid vague or convoluted language that might confuse your readers.
• Make It Debatable: A strong thesis is arguable and invites discussion. Avoid statements of fact; instead, present a claim that others could reasonably disagree with.
• Express a Strong Standpoint: Your thesis should clearly convey your stance on the topic. It’s the backbone of your paper, so ensure it’s impactful and thought-provoking.
• Stay Focused: Keep your thesis statement focused on a single main idea. Avoid trying to cover too many aspects or arguments in one sentence.
• Include Main Points: Briefly mention the main points or themes that your paper will explore. This provides your readers with a roadmap for what to expect.
• Revise and Refine: Crafting a strong thesis often requires multiple revisions. Don’t settle for the first version; keep refining until it accurately represents your argument.
• Tailor to Your Audience: Consider the expectations and knowledge level of your audience. Your thesis should engage and resonate with them.
• Consider Counterarguments: While not always necessary, addressing potential counterarguments can demonstrate your depth of understanding and strengthen your thesis.
• Reflect Your Paper’s Structure: Ensure that your thesis aligns with the structure of your paper. Each paragraph should contribute to supporting or proving your thesis.
• Use Precise Language: Choose your words carefully. Clear, specific, and impactful language enhances the strength of your thesis.
• Avoid Generic Statements: Steer clear of generic, overused phrases that lack substance. Instead, craft a statement that reflects your unique insights and perspective.
• Edit for Clarity: Your thesis should be easily understandable. Proofread it for grammatical errors and make sure it flows smoothly.
• Test for Relevance: After completing your paper, revisit your thesis. Make sure it remains relevant to the content and findings of your paper.
• Seek Feedback: Share your thesis with peers, professors, or mentors. Feedback from others can provide valuable insights for improvement.
• Practice Patience: Writing an impactful thesis takes time and reflection. Be patient with yourself as you work to create the strongest possible statement.

By following these tips, you’ll be well on your way to crafting a final thesis statement that effectively encapsulates your argument, engages your readers, and sets the tone for a successful paper.

Text prompt

• Instructive
• Professional

10 Examples of Public speaking

20 Examples of Gas lighting

How to Write a Thesis Statement (Full Guide + 60 Examples)

Crafting the perfect thesis statement is an art form that sets the foundation for your entire paper.

Here is how to write a thesis statement:

Write a thesis statement by clearly stating your topic, expressing your position, and providing key points. For example: “Social media impacts teens by influencing self-esteem, enabling cyberbullying, and shaping social interactions.” Be specific, concise, and arguable.

This ultimate guide will break down everything you need to know about how to write a thesis statement, plus 60 examples.

What Is a Thesis Statement?

Table of Contents

A thesis statement is a concise summary of the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, or other piece of academic writing.

It presents the topic of your paper and your position on the topic, ideally in a single sentence.

Think of it as the roadmap to your paper—it guides your readers through your arguments and provides a clear direction.

Key Elements of a Thesis Statement

• Clarity: Your thesis should be clear and specific.
• Position: It should convey your stance on the topic.
• Argument: The statement should make a claim that others might dispute.

Types of Thesis Statements

There are various types of thesis statements depending on the kind of paper you’re writing.

Here are the main ones:

• Standard Method – This is the classic thesis statement used in many academic essays. It provides a straightforward approach, clearly stating the main argument or claim and outlining the supporting points.
• Research Paper – Designed for research papers, this type involves extensive research and evidence. It presents a hypothesis or a central argument based on your research findings.
• Informative Essay – Used for essays that aim to inform or explain a topic. It provides a clear summary of what the reader will learn.
• Persuasive Essay – For essays meant to persuade or convince the reader of a particular point of view. It clearly states your position and outlines your main arguments.
• Compare and Contrast Essay – Used when comparing two or more subjects. It highlights the similarities and differences between the subjects and presents a clear argument based on these comparisons.
• Analytical Essay – Breaks down an issue or idea into its component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this breakdown and evaluation to the audience.
• Argumentative Essay – Makes a claim about a topic and justifies this claim with specific evidence. It’s similar to the persuasive essay but usually requires more evidence and a more formal tone.
• Expository Essay – Explains or describes a topic in a straightforward, logical manner. It provides a balanced analysis of a subject based on facts without opinions.
• Narrative Essay – Tells a story or relates an event. The thesis statement for a narrative essay usually highlights the main point or lesson of the story.
• Cause and Effect Essay – Explores the causes of a particular event or situation and its effects. It provides a clear argument about the cause and effect relationship.

How to Write a Thesis Statement (Standard Method)

Writing a standard thesis statement involves a few straightforward steps.

Here’s a detailed guide:

• Identify Your Topic: What is your essay about?
• Take a Stance: What is your position on the topic?
• Outline Your Main Points: What are the key arguments that support your stance?
• Combine All Elements: Formulate a single, coherent sentence that encompasses all the above points.
• “Social media has a significant impact on teenagers because it influences their self-esteem, provides a platform for cyberbullying, and shapes their social interactions.”
• “Climate change is a pressing issue that requires immediate action because it threatens global ecosystems, endangers human health, and disrupts economies.”
• “The rise of remote work is transforming the modern workplace by increasing flexibility, reducing overhead costs, and enhancing work-life balance.”
• “School uniforms should be mandatory in public schools as they promote equality, reduce bullying, and simplify the morning routine.”
• “Digital literacy is essential in today’s world because it improves communication, enhances job prospects, and enables informed decision-making.”

How to Write a Thesis Statement for a Research Paper

Research papers require a more detailed and evidence-based thesis.

Here’s how to craft one:

• Start with a Research Question: What are you trying to find out?
• Conduct Preliminary Research: Gather evidence and sources.
• Formulate a Hypothesis: Based on your research, what do you think will happen?
• Refine Your Thesis: Make it specific and arguable.
• “The implementation of renewable energy sources can significantly reduce carbon emissions in urban areas, as evidenced by case studies in cities like Copenhagen and Vancouver.”
• “Genetically modified crops have the potential to improve food security, but their impact on biodiversity and human health requires further investigation.”
• “The use of artificial intelligence in healthcare can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes, but ethical concerns about data privacy and algorithmic bias must be addressed.”
• “Urban green spaces contribute to mental well-being and community cohesion, as demonstrated by longitudinal studies in various metropolitan areas.”
• “Microplastic pollution in oceans poses a severe threat to marine life and human health, highlighting the need for stricter waste management policies.”

How to Write a Thesis Statement for an Essay

You’ll write thesis statements a little differently for different kinds of essays.

Informative Essay

• Choose Your Topic: What are you informing your readers about?
• Outline Key Points: What are the main pieces of information?
• Draft Your Statement: Clearly state the purpose and main points.
• “The process of photosynthesis is essential for plant life as it converts light energy into chemical energy, produces oxygen, and is the basis for the food chain.”
• “The human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands that process food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste.”
• “The Industrial Revolution was a period of major technological advancement and social change that reshaped the economies and societies of Europe and North America.”
• “The history of the internet from its early development in the 1960s to its current role in global communication and commerce is a fascinating journey of innovation and transformation.”
• “The impact of climate change on Arctic ecosystems is profound, affecting wildlife, indigenous communities, and global weather patterns.”

Persuasive Essay

• Identify Your Position: What are you trying to convince your reader of?
• Gather Supporting Evidence: What evidence backs up your position?
• Combine Elements: Make a clear, arguable statement.
• “Implementing a four-day workweek can improve productivity and employee well-being, as supported by studies from Iceland and Japan.”
• “The death penalty should be abolished as it is inhumane, does not deter crime, and risks executing innocent people.”
• “Public transportation should be made free to reduce traffic congestion, decrease pollution, and promote social equity.”
• “Recycling should be mandatory to conserve natural resources, reduce landfill waste, and protect the environment.”
• “Vaccination should be mandatory to protect public health and prevent the spread of contagious diseases.”

Compare and Contrast Essay

• Choose Subjects to Compare: What are the two (or more) subjects?
• Determine the Basis of Comparison: What specific aspects are you comparing?
• Draft the Thesis: Clearly state the subjects and the comparison.
• “While both solar and wind energy are renewable sources, solar energy is more versatile and can be used in a wider variety of environments.”
• “Although both capitalism and socialism aim to improve economic welfare, capitalism emphasizes individual freedom while socialism focuses on collective equality.”
• “Traditional classroom education and online learning each offer unique benefits, but online learning provides greater flexibility and access to resources.”
• “The novels ‘1984’ by George Orwell and ‘Brave New World’ by Aldous Huxley both depict dystopian societies, but ‘1984’ focuses on totalitarianism while ‘Brave New World’ explores the dangers of technological control.”
• “While iOS and Android operating systems offer similar functionality, iOS provides a more streamlined user experience, whereas Android offers greater customization options.”

How to Write a Thesis Statement for an Analytical Essay

An analytical essay breaks down an issue or idea into its component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this breakdown and evaluation to the audience.

• Choose Your Topic: What will you analyze?
• Identify Key Components: What are the main parts of your analysis?
• Formulate Your Thesis: Combine the components into a coherent statement.
• “Shakespeare’s ‘Hamlet’ explores themes of madness and revenge through the complex characterization of Hamlet and his interactions with other characters.”
• “The economic policies of the New Deal addressed the Great Depression by implementing financial reforms, creating job opportunities, and providing social welfare programs.”
• “The symbolism in ‘The Great Gatsby’ by F. Scott Fitzgerald reflects the moral decay and social stratification of the Jazz Age.”
• “The narrative structure of ‘Inception’ uses nonlinear storytelling to explore the complexities of dreams and reality.”
• “The use of color in Wes Anderson’s films enhances the whimsical and nostalgic tone of his storytelling.”

How to Write a Thesis Statement for an Argumentative Essay

An argumentative essay makes a claim about a topic and justifies this claim with specific evidence.

It’s similar to the persuasive essay but usually requires more evidence and a more formal tone.

• Choose Your Topic: What are you arguing about?
• Gather Evidence: What evidence supports your claim?
• Formulate Your Thesis: Make a clear, evidence-based statement.
• “Climate change is primarily driven by human activities, such as deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels, which increase greenhouse gas emissions.”
• “The benefits of universal healthcare outweigh the costs, as it ensures equal access to medical services, reduces overall healthcare expenses, and improves public health.”
• “The death penalty should be abolished because it violates human rights, is not a deterrent to crime, and risks the execution of innocent people.”
• “Animal testing for cosmetics should be banned as it is unethical, unnecessary, and alternatives are available.”
• “Net neutrality should be maintained to ensure a free and open internet, preventing service providers from prioritizing or blocking content.”

How to Write a Thesis Statement for an Expository Essay

An expository essay explains or describes a topic in a straightforward, logical manner.

It provides a balanced analysis of a subject based on facts without opinions.

• Choose Your Topic: What are you explaining or describing?
• Outline Key Points: What are the main facts or components?
• Formulate Your Thesis: Combine the elements into a clear statement.
• “The water cycle consists of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, which are essential for maintaining the earth’s water balance.”
• “The human respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide through a series of organs, including the lungs, trachea, and diaphragm.”
• “Photosynthesis in plants involves the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll, which converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.”
• “The structure of DNA is a double helix composed of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of genetic information.”
• “The process of mitosis ensures that cells divide correctly, allowing for growth, repair, and reproduction in living organisms.”

How to Write a Thesis Statement for a Narrative Essay

A narrative essay tells a story or relates an event.

The thesis statement for a narrative essay usually highlights the main point or lesson of the story.

• Identify the Main Point: What is the main lesson or theme of your story?
• Outline Key Events: What are the key events that support this point?
• Formulate Your Thesis: Combine the main point and events into a coherent statement.
• “Overcoming my fear of public speaking in high school taught me the value of confidence and perseverance.”
• “My summer volunteering at a wildlife rescue center showed me the importance of compassion and teamwork.”
• “A family road trip across the country provided me with unforgettable memories and a deeper appreciation for our diverse landscapes.”
• “Moving to a new city for college challenged me to adapt to new environments and build independence.”
• “A childhood friendship that ended in betrayal taught me the importance of trust and resilience.”

How to Write a Thesis Statement for a Cause and Effect Essay

A cause and effect essay explores the causes of a particular event or situation and its effects.

It provides a clear argument about the cause and effect relationship.

• Identify the Event or Situation: What are you analyzing?
• Determine the Causes: What are the reasons behind this event or situation?
• Identify the Effects: What are the consequences?
• Formulate Your Thesis: Combine the causes and effects into a coherent statement.
• “The rise in global temperatures is primarily caused by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, and leads to severe weather patterns and rising sea levels.”
• “The introduction of invasive species in an ecosystem disrupts the balance and leads to the decline of native species.”
• “Economic recession is caused by a combination of factors, including high unemployment rates and declining consumer confidence, and results in reduced business investments and government spending.”
• “Prolonged exposure to screen time can cause digital eye strain and sleep disturbances, affecting overall health and productivity.”
• “Deforestation contributes to soil erosion and loss of biodiversity, leading to the degradation of ecosystems and reduced agricultural productivity.”

How to Write a Good Thesis Statement

Writing a good thesis statement is all about clarity and specificity.

Here’s a formula to help you:

• State the Topic: What are you writing about?
• Express Your Opinion: What do you think about the topic?
• Provide a Reason: Why do you think this way?
• “Remote work is beneficial because it offers flexibility, reduces commuting time, and increases job satisfaction.”
• “Regular exercise is essential for maintaining physical and mental health as it boosts energy levels, improves mood, and reduces the risk of chronic diseases.”
• “Reading fiction enhances empathy by allowing readers to experience different perspectives and emotions.”
• “A plant-based diet is advantageous for both personal health and environmental sustainability.”
• “Learning a second language enhances cognitive abilities and opens up cultural and professional opportunities.”

Check out this video about how to write a strong thesis statement:

How to Write a Thesis Statement (Formula + Template)

Use this simple formula to craft your thesis statement:

[Main Topic] + [Your Opinion/Position] + [Reason/Key Points]

Template: “__________ (main topic) has __________ (your opinion) because __________ (reason/key points).”

• “Electric cars are the future of transportation because they reduce greenhouse gas emissions, lower fuel costs, and require less maintenance.”
• “Social media platforms should implement stricter privacy controls because user data is vulnerable to breaches, exploitation, and misuse.”
• “Higher education should be more affordable to ensure equal access and promote social mobility.”
• “Television news often fails to provide balanced coverage, leading to public misinformation.”
• “Volunteer work should be encouraged in schools to foster community engagement and personal development.”

Thesis Statement Tips

Writing a strong thesis statement is crucial for a successful essay. Here are some tips to help you craft a killer thesis statement:

• Be Specific: Avoid vague language. Make sure your thesis statement clearly defines your argument or main point.
• Be Concise: Keep it to one or two sentences. Your thesis statement should be brief and to the point.
• Make It Arguable: Ensure that your thesis statement presents a claim or argument that can be disputed.
• Place It Appropriately: Typically, your thesis statement should be placed at the end of your introduction paragraph.
• Revise and Refine: Don’t be afraid to revise your thesis statement as you write and refine your essay. It should evolve as your ideas develop.

Common Thesis Statement Errors

Avoid these common errors when crafting your thesis statement:

• Too Broad: A thesis statement that is too broad makes it difficult to focus your essay. Narrow it down to a specific point.
• Too Vague: Avoid vague language that lacks specificity. Be clear about what you’re arguing.
• Lacks an Argument: Ensure that your thesis statement makes a clear argument or claim. Avoid statements that are purely factual or descriptive.
• Too Complex: A thesis statement should be straightforward and easy to understand. Avoid overly complex sentences.
• Off-Topic: Make sure your thesis statement is directly related to the topic of your essay. Stay on track.

How Do You Start a Thesis Statement?

Starting a thesis statement involves using clear and concise language that sets the stage for your argument.

Here are some exact words and phrases to begin with:

• “The purpose of this paper is to…”
• “This essay will argue that…”
• “In this essay, I will demonstrate that…”
• “The central idea of this paper is…”
• “This research aims to prove that…”
• “This study focuses on…”
• “This analysis will show that…”
• “The main argument presented in this paper is…”
• “The goal of this essay is to…”
• “Through this research, it will be shown that…”

How Long Should a Thesis Statement Be?

A thesis statement should be clear and concise, typically one to two sentences long.

Aim for 20 to 30 words, ensuring it includes the main topic, your position, and the key points that will be covered in your paper.

This provides a focused and precise summary of your argument, making it easier for readers to understand the main direction of your essay or research paper.

While brevity is essential, it’s also crucial to provide enough detail to convey the scope of your argument.

Avoid overly complex sentences that can confuse readers. Instead, strive for a balance between clarity and comprehensiveness, ensuring your thesis statement is straightforward and informative.

Summary Table of Thesis Statement Writing

Final Thoughts: How to Write a Thesis Statement

Writing a strong thesis statement is the cornerstone of a successful paper.

It guides your writing and helps your readers understand your argument. Remember to be clear, specific, and concise. With practice, you’ll master the art of crafting killer thesis statements.

Read This Next:

• How to Write a Hypothesis [31 Tips + Examples]
• How to Write a Topic Sentence (30+ Tips & Examples)
• How to Write a Paragraph [Ultimate Guide + Examples] What Is A Universal Statement In Writing? (Explained) 21 Best Ways To Write Essays When You Are Stuck [Examples]

Reference management. Clean and simple.

How to write an excellent thesis conclusion [with examples]

Restate the thesis

Review or reiterate key points of your work, explain why your work is relevant, a take-away for the reader, more resources on writing thesis conclusions, frequently asked questions about writing an excellent thesis conclusion, related articles.

At this point in your writing, you have most likely finished your introduction and the body of your thesis, dissertation, or research paper . While this is a reason to celebrate, you should not underestimate the importance of your conclusion. The conclusion is the last thing that your reader will see, so it should be memorable.

A good conclusion will review the key points of the thesis and explain to the reader why the information is relevant, applicable, or related to the world as a whole. Make sure to dedicate enough of your writing time to the conclusion and do not put it off until the very last minute.

This article provides an effective technique for writing a conclusion adapted from Erika Eby’s The College Student's Guide to Writing a Good Research Paper: 101 Easy Tips & Tricks to Make Your Work Stand Out .

While the thesis introduction starts out with broad statements about the topic, and then narrows it down to the thesis statement , a thesis conclusion does the same in the opposite order.

• Restate the thesis.
• Review or reiterate key points of your work.
• Explain why your work is relevant.
• Include a core take-away message for the reader.

Tip: Don’t just copy and paste your thesis into your conclusion. Restate it in different words.

The best way to start a conclusion is simply by restating the thesis statement. That does not mean just copying and pasting it from the introduction, but putting it into different words.

You will need to change the structure and wording of it to avoid sounding repetitive. Also, be firm in your conclusion just as you were in the introduction. Try to avoid sounding apologetic by using phrases like "This paper has tried to show..."

The conclusion should address all the same parts as the thesis while making it clear that the reader has reached the end. You are telling the reader that your research is finished and what your findings are.

I have argued throughout this work that the point of critical mass for biopolitical immunity occurred during the Romantic period because of that era's unique combination of post-revolutionary politics and innovations in smallpox prevention. In particular, I demonstrated that the French Revolution and the discovery of vaccination in the 1790s triggered a reconsideration of the relationship between bodies and the state.

Tip: Try to reiterate points from your introduction in your thesis conclusion.

The next step is to review the main points of the thesis as a whole. Look back at the body of of your project and make a note of the key ideas. You can reword these ideas the same way you reworded your thesis statement and then incorporate that into the conclusion.

You can also repeat striking quotations or statistics, but do not use more than two. As the conclusion represents your own closing thoughts on the topic , it should mainly consist of your own words.

In addition, conclusions can contain recommendations to the reader or relevant questions that further the thesis. You should ask yourself:

• What you would ideally like to see your readers do in reaction to your paper?
• Do you want them to take a certain action or investigate further?
• Is there a bigger issue that your paper wants to draw attention to?

Also, try to reference your introduction in your conclusion. You have already taken a first step by restating your thesis. Now, check whether there are other key words, phrases or ideas that are mentioned in your introduction that fit into your conclusion. Connecting the introduction to the conclusion in this way will help readers feel satisfied.

I explored how Mary Wollstonecraft, in both her fiction and political writings, envisions an ideal medico-political state, and how other writers like William Wordsworth and Mary Shelley increasingly imagined the body politic literally, as an incorporated political collective made up of bodies whose immunity to political and medical ills was essential to a healthy state.

Tip: Make sure to explain why your thesis is relevant to your field of research.

Although you can encourage readers to question their opinions and reflect on your topic, do not leave loose ends. You should provide a sense of resolution and make sure your conclusion wraps up your argument. Make sure you explain why your thesis is relevant to your field of research and how your research intervenes within, or substantially revises, existing scholarly debates.

This project challenged conventional ideas about the relationship among Romanticism, medicine, and politics by reading the unfolding of Romantic literature and biopolitical immunity as mutual, co-productive processes. In doing so, this thesis revises the ways in which biopolitics has been theorized by insisting on the inherent connections between Romantic literature and the forms of biopower that characterize early modernity.

Tip: If you began your thesis with an anecdote or historical example, you may want to return to that in your conclusion.

End your conclusion with something memorable, such as:

• a call to action
• a recommendation
• a gesture towards future research
• a brief explanation of how the problem or idea you covered remains relevant

Ultimately, you want readers to feel more informed, or ready to act, as they read your conclusion.

Yet, the Romantic period is only the beginning of modern thought on immunity and biopolitics. Victorian writers, doctors, and politicians upheld the Romantic idea that a "healthy state" was a literal condition that could be achieved by combining politics and medicine, but augmented that idea through legislation and widespread public health measures. While many nineteenth-century efforts to improve citizens' health were successful, the fight against disease ultimately changed course in the twentieth century as global immunological threats such as SARS occupied public consciousness. Indeed, as subsequent public health events make apparent, biopolitical immunity persists as a viable concept for thinking about the relationship between medicine and politics in modernity.

Need more advice? Read our 5 additional tips on how to write a good thesis conclusion.

The conclusion is the last thing that your reader will see, so it should be memorable. To write a great thesis conclusion you should:

The basic content of a conclusion is to review the main points from the paper. This part represents your own closing thoughts on the topic. It should mainly consist of the outcome of the research in your own words.

The length of the conclusion will depend on the length of the whole thesis. Usually, a conclusion should be around 5-7% of the overall word count.

End your conclusion with something memorable, such as a question, warning, or call to action. Depending on the topic, you can also end with a recommendation.

In Open Access: Theses and Dissertations you can find thousands of completed works. Take a look at any of the theses or dissertations for real-life examples of conclusions that were already approved.

Developing a Thesis Statement

Many papers you write require developing a thesis statement. In this section you’ll learn what a thesis statement is and how to write one.

Keep in mind that not all papers require thesis statements . If in doubt, please consult your instructor for assistance.

What is a thesis statement?

A thesis statement . . .

• Makes an argumentative assertion about a topic; it states the conclusions that you have reached about your topic.
• Makes a promise to the reader about the scope, purpose, and direction of your paper.
• Is focused and specific enough to be “proven” within the boundaries of your paper.
• Is generally located near the end of the introduction ; sometimes, in a long paper, the thesis will be expressed in several sentences or in an entire paragraph.
• Identifies the relationships between the pieces of evidence that you are using to support your argument.

Not all papers require thesis statements! Ask your instructor if you’re in doubt whether you need one.

Identify a topic

Your topic is the subject about which you will write. Your assignment may suggest several ways of looking at a topic; or it may name a fairly general concept that you will explore or analyze in your paper.

Consider what your assignment asks you to do

Inform yourself about your topic, focus on one aspect of your topic, ask yourself whether your topic is worthy of your efforts, generate a topic from an assignment.

Below are some possible topics based on sample assignments.

Sample assignment 1

Analyze Spain’s neutrality in World War II.

Identified topic

Franco’s role in the diplomatic relationships between the Allies and the Axis

This topic avoids generalities such as “Spain” and “World War II,” addressing instead on Franco’s role (a specific aspect of “Spain”) and the diplomatic relations between the Allies and Axis (a specific aspect of World War II).

Sample assignment 2

Analyze one of Homer’s epic similes in the Iliad.

The relationship between the portrayal of warfare and the epic simile about Simoisius at 4.547-64.

This topic focuses on a single simile and relates it to a single aspect of the Iliad ( warfare being a major theme in that work).

Developing a Thesis Statement–Additional information

Your assignment may suggest several ways of looking at a topic, or it may name a fairly general concept that you will explore or analyze in your paper. You’ll want to read your assignment carefully, looking for key terms that you can use to focus your topic.

Sample assignment: Analyze Spain’s neutrality in World War II Key terms: analyze, Spain’s neutrality, World War II

After you’ve identified the key words in your topic, the next step is to read about them in several sources, or generate as much information as possible through an analysis of your topic. Obviously, the more material or knowledge you have, the more possibilities will be available for a strong argument. For the sample assignment above, you’ll want to look at books and articles on World War II in general, and Spain’s neutrality in particular.

As you consider your options, you must decide to focus on one aspect of your topic. This means that you cannot include everything you’ve learned about your topic, nor should you go off in several directions. If you end up covering too many different aspects of a topic, your paper will sprawl and be unconvincing in its argument, and it most likely will not fulfull the assignment requirements.

For the sample assignment above, both Spain’s neutrality and World War II are topics far too broad to explore in a paper. You may instead decide to focus on Franco’s role in the diplomatic relationships between the Allies and the Axis , which narrows down what aspects of Spain’s neutrality and World War II you want to discuss, as well as establishes a specific link between those two aspects.

Before you go too far, however, ask yourself whether your topic is worthy of your efforts. Try to avoid topics that already have too much written about them (i.e., “eating disorders and body image among adolescent women”) or that simply are not important (i.e. “why I like ice cream”). These topics may lead to a thesis that is either dry fact or a weird claim that cannot be supported. A good thesis falls somewhere between the two extremes. To arrive at this point, ask yourself what is new, interesting, contestable, or controversial about your topic.

As you work on your thesis, remember to keep the rest of your paper in mind at all times . Sometimes your thesis needs to evolve as you develop new insights, find new evidence, or take a different approach to your topic.

Derive a main point from topic

Once you have a topic, you will have to decide what the main point of your paper will be. This point, the “controlling idea,” becomes the core of your argument (thesis statement) and it is the unifying idea to which you will relate all your sub-theses. You can then turn this “controlling idea” into a purpose statement about what you intend to do in your paper.

Look for patterns in your evidence

Compose a purpose statement.

Consult the examples below for suggestions on how to look for patterns in your evidence and construct a purpose statement.

• Franco first tried to negotiate with the Axis
• Franco turned to the Allies when he couldn’t get some concessions that he wanted from the Axis

Possible conclusion:

Spain’s neutrality in WWII occurred for an entirely personal reason: Franco’s desire to preserve his own (and Spain’s) power.

Purpose statement

This paper will analyze Franco’s diplomacy during World War II to see how it contributed to Spain’s neutrality.

• The simile compares Simoisius to a tree, which is a peaceful, natural image.
• The tree in the simile is chopped down to make wheels for a chariot, which is an object used in warfare.

At first, the simile seems to take the reader away from the world of warfare, but we end up back in that world by the end.

This paper will analyze the way the simile about Simoisius at 4.547-64 moves in and out of the world of warfare.

Derive purpose statement from topic

To find out what your “controlling idea” is, you have to examine and evaluate your evidence . As you consider your evidence, you may notice patterns emerging, data repeated in more than one source, or facts that favor one view more than another. These patterns or data may then lead you to some conclusions about your topic and suggest that you can successfully argue for one idea better than another.

For instance, you might find out that Franco first tried to negotiate with the Axis, but when he couldn’t get some concessions that he wanted from them, he turned to the Allies. As you read more about Franco’s decisions, you may conclude that Spain’s neutrality in WWII occurred for an entirely personal reason: his desire to preserve his own (and Spain’s) power. Based on this conclusion, you can then write a trial thesis statement to help you decide what material belongs in your paper.

Sometimes you won’t be able to find a focus or identify your “spin” or specific argument immediately. Like some writers, you might begin with a purpose statement just to get yourself going. A purpose statement is one or more sentences that announce your topic and indicate the structure of the paper but do not state the conclusions you have drawn . Thus, you might begin with something like this:

• This paper will look at modern language to see if it reflects male dominance or female oppression.
• I plan to analyze anger and derision in offensive language to see if they represent a challenge of society’s authority.

At some point, you can turn a purpose statement into a thesis statement. As you think and write about your topic, you can restrict, clarify, and refine your argument, crafting your thesis statement to reflect your thinking.

As you work on your thesis, remember to keep the rest of your paper in mind at all times. Sometimes your thesis needs to evolve as you develop new insights, find new evidence, or take a different approach to your topic.

Compose a draft thesis statement

If you are writing a paper that will have an argumentative thesis and are having trouble getting started, the techniques in the table below may help you develop a temporary or “working” thesis statement.

Begin with a purpose statement that you will later turn into a thesis statement.

Assignment: Discuss the history of the Reform Party and explain its influence on the 1990 presidential and Congressional election.

Purpose Statement: This paper briefly sketches the history of the grassroots, conservative, Perot-led Reform Party and analyzes how it influenced the economic and social ideologies of the two mainstream parties.

Question-to-Assertion

If your assignment asks a specific question(s), turn the question(s) into an assertion and give reasons why it is true or reasons for your opinion.

Assignment : What do Aylmer and Rappaccini have to be proud of? Why aren’t they satisfied with these things? How does pride, as demonstrated in “The Birthmark” and “Rappaccini’s Daughter,” lead to unexpected problems?

Beginning thesis statement: Alymer and Rappaccinni are proud of their great knowledge; however, they are also very greedy and are driven to use their knowledge to alter some aspect of nature as a test of their ability. Evil results when they try to “play God.”

Write a sentence that summarizes the main idea of the essay you plan to write.

Main idea: The reason some toys succeed in the market is that they appeal to the consumers’ sense of the ridiculous and their basic desire to laugh at themselves.

Make a list of the ideas that you want to include; consider the ideas and try to group them.

• nature = peaceful
• war matériel = violent (competes with 1?)
• need for time and space to mourn the dead
• war is inescapable (competes with 3?)

Use a formula to arrive at a working thesis statement (you will revise this later).

• although most readers of _______ have argued that _______, closer examination shows that _______.
• _______ uses _______ and _____ to prove that ________.
• phenomenon x is a result of the combination of __________, __________, and _________.

What to keep in mind as you draft an initial thesis statement

Beginning statements obtained through the methods illustrated above can serve as a framework for planning or drafting your paper, but remember they’re not yet the specific, argumentative thesis you want for the final version of your paper. In fact, in its first stages, a thesis statement usually is ill-formed or rough and serves only as a planning tool.

As you write, you may discover evidence that does not fit your temporary or “working” thesis. Or you may reach deeper insights about your topic as you do more research, and you will find that your thesis statement has to be more complicated to match the evidence that you want to use.

You must be willing to reject or omit some evidence in order to keep your paper cohesive and your reader focused. Or you may have to revise your thesis to match the evidence and insights that you want to discuss. Read your draft carefully, noting the conclusions you have drawn and the major ideas which support or prove those conclusions. These will be the elements of your final thesis statement.

Sometimes you will not be able to identify these elements in your early drafts, but as you consider how your argument is developing and how your evidence supports your main idea, ask yourself, “ What is the main point that I want to prove/discuss? ” and “ How will I convince the reader that this is true? ” When you can answer these questions, then you can begin to refine the thesis statement.

Refine and polish the thesis statement

To get to your final thesis, you’ll need to refine your draft thesis so that it’s specific and arguable.

• Ask if your draft thesis addresses the assignment
• Question each part of your draft thesis
• Clarify vague phrases and assertions
• Investigate alternatives to your draft thesis

Consult the example below for suggestions on how to refine your draft thesis statement.

Sample Assignment

Choose an activity and define it as a symbol of American culture. Your essay should cause the reader to think critically about the society which produces and enjoys that activity.

• Ask The phenomenon of drive-in facilities is an interesting symbol of american culture, and these facilities demonstrate significant characteristics of our society.This statement does not fulfill the assignment because it does not require the reader to think critically about society.

Drive-ins are an interesting symbol of American culture because they represent Americans’ significant creativity and business ingenuity.

Among the types of drive-in facilities familiar during the twentieth century, drive-in movie theaters best represent American creativity, not merely because they were the forerunner of later drive-ins and drive-throughs, but because of their impact on our culture: they changed our relationship to the automobile, changed the way people experienced movies, and changed movie-going into a family activity.

While drive-in facilities such as those at fast-food establishments, banks, pharmacies, and dry cleaners symbolize America’s economic ingenuity, they also have affected our personal standards.

While drive-in facilities such as those at fast- food restaurants, banks, pharmacies, and dry cleaners symbolize (1) Americans’ business ingenuity, they also have contributed (2) to an increasing homogenization of our culture, (3) a willingness to depersonalize relationships with others, and (4) a tendency to sacrifice quality for convenience.

This statement is now specific and fulfills all parts of the assignment. This version, like any good thesis, is not self-evident; its points, 1-4, will have to be proven with evidence in the body of the paper. The numbers in this statement indicate the order in which the points will be presented. Depending on the length of the paper, there could be one paragraph for each numbered item or there could be blocks of paragraph for even pages for each one.

Complete the final thesis statement

The bottom line.

As you move through the process of crafting a thesis, you’ll need to remember four things:

• Context matters! Think about your course materials and lectures. Try to relate your thesis to the ideas your instructor is discussing.
• As you go through the process described in this section, always keep your assignment in mind . You will be more successful when your thesis (and paper) responds to the assignment than if it argues a semi-related idea.
• Your thesis statement should be precise, focused, and contestable ; it should predict the sub-theses or blocks of information that you will use to prove your argument.
• Make sure that you keep the rest of your paper in mind at all times. Change your thesis as your paper evolves, because you do not want your thesis to promise more than your paper actually delivers.

In the beginning, the thesis statement was a tool to help you sharpen your focus, limit material and establish the paper’s purpose. When your paper is finished, however, the thesis statement becomes a tool for your reader. It tells the reader what you have learned about your topic and what evidence led you to your conclusion. It keeps the reader on track–well able to understand and appreciate your argument.

Writing Process and Structure

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Getting Started with Your Paper

Interpreting Writing Assignments from Your Courses

Generating Ideas for

Creating an Argument

Thesis vs. Purpose Statements

Architecture of Arguments

Working with Sources

Quoting and Paraphrasing Sources

Using Literary Quotations

Citing Sources in Your Paper

Drafting Your Paper

Generating Ideas for Your Paper

Introductions

Paragraphing

Developing Strategic Transitions

Conclusions

Revising Your Paper

Peer Reviews

Reverse Outlines

Revising an Argumentative Paper

Revision Strategies for Longer Projects

Finishing Your Paper

Twelve Common Errors: An Editing Checklist

How to Proofread your Paper

Writing Collaboratively

Collaborative and Group Writing

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Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements

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Tips for Writing Your Thesis Statement

1. Determine what kind of paper you are writing:

• An analytical paper breaks down an issue or an idea into its component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this breakdown and evaluation to the audience.
• An expository (explanatory) paper explains something to the audience.
• An argumentative paper makes a claim about a topic and justifies this claim with specific evidence. The claim could be an opinion, a policy proposal, an evaluation, a cause-and-effect statement, or an interpretation. The goal of the argumentative paper is to convince the audience that the claim is true based on the evidence provided.

If you are writing a text that does not fall under these three categories (e.g., a narrative), a thesis statement somewhere in the first paragraph could still be helpful to your reader.

2. Your thesis statement should be specific—it should cover only what you will discuss in your paper and should be supported with specific evidence.

3. The thesis statement usually appears at the end of the first paragraph of a paper.

4. Your topic may change as you write, so you may need to revise your thesis statement to reflect exactly what you have discussed in the paper.

Thesis Statement Examples

Example of an analytical thesis statement:

The paper that follows should:

• Explain the analysis of the college admission process
• Explain the challenge facing admissions counselors

Example of an expository (explanatory) thesis statement:

• Explain how students spend their time studying, attending class, and socializing with peers

Example of an argumentative thesis statement:

• Present an argument and give evidence to support the claim that students should pursue community projects before entering college

• Translators
• Graphic Designers

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25 Thesis Statement Examples That Will Make Writing a Breeze

Understanding what makes a good thesis statement is one of the major keys to writing a great research paper or argumentative essay. The thesis statement is where you make a claim that will guide you through your entire paper. If you find yourself struggling to make sense of your paper or your topic, then it's likely due to a weak thesis statement.

Let's take a minute to first understand what makes a solid thesis statement, and what key components you need to write one of your own.

A thesis statement always goes at the beginning of the paper. It will typically be in the first couple of paragraphs of the paper so that it can introduce the body paragraphs, which are the supporting evidence for your thesis statement.

Your thesis statement should clearly identify an argument. You need to have a statement that is not only easy to understand, but one that is debatable. What that means is that you can't just put any statement of fact and have it be your thesis. For example, everyone knows that puppies are cute . An ineffective thesis statement would be, "Puppies are adorable and everyone knows it." This isn't really something that's a debatable topic.

Something that would be more debatable would be, "A puppy's cuteness is derived from its floppy ears, small body, and playfulness." These are three things that can be debated on. Some people might think that the cutest thing about puppies is the fact that they follow you around or that they're really soft and fuzzy.

All cuteness aside, you want to make sure that your thesis statement is not only debatable, but that it also actually thoroughly answers the research question that was posed. You always want to make sure that your evidence is supporting a claim that you made (and not the other way around). This is why it's crucial to read and research about a topic first and come to a conclusion later. If you try to get your research to fit your thesis statement, then it may not work out as neatly as you think. As you learn more, you discover more (and the outcome may not be what you originally thought).

Additionally, your thesis statement shouldn't be too big or too grand. It'll be hard to cover everything in a thesis statement like, "The federal government should act now on climate change." The topic is just too large to actually say something new and meaningful. Instead, a more effective thesis statement might be, "Local governments can combat climate change by providing citizens with larger recycling bins and offering local classes about composting and conservation." This is easier to work with because it's a smaller idea, but you can also discuss the overall topic that you might be interested in, which is climate change.

So, now that we know what makes a good, solid thesis statement, you can start to write your own. If you find that you're getting stuck or you are the type of person who needs to look at examples before you start something, then check out our list of thesis statement examples below.

Thesis statement examples

A quick note that these thesis statements have not been fully researched. These are merely examples to show you what a thesis statement might look like and how you can implement your own ideas into one that you think of independently. As such, you should not use these thesis statements for your own research paper purposes. They are meant to be used as examples only.

• Vaccinations Because many children are unable to vaccinate due to illness, we must require that all healthy and able children be vaccinated in order to have herd immunity.
• Educational Resources for Low-Income Students Schools should provide educational resources for low-income students during the summers so that they don't forget what they've learned throughout the school year.
• School Uniforms School uniforms may be an upfront cost for families, but they eradicate the visual differences in income between students and provide a more egalitarian atmosphere at school.
• Populism The rise in populism on the 2016 political stage was in reaction to increasing globalization, the decline of manufacturing jobs, and the Syrian refugee crisis.
• Public Libraries Libraries are essential resources for communities and should be funded more heavily by local municipalities.
• Cyber Bullying With more and more teens using smartphones and social media, cyber bullying is on the rise. Cyber bullying puts a lot of stress on many teens, and can cause depression, anxiety, and even suicidal thoughts. Parents should limit the usage of smart phones, monitor their children's online activity, and report any cyber bullying to school officials in order to combat this problem.
• Medical Marijuana for Veterans Studies have shown that the use of medicinal marijuana has been helpful to veterans who suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Medicinal marijuana prescriptions should be legal in all states and provided to these veterans. Additional medical or therapy services should also be researched and implemented in order to help them re-integrate back into civilian life.
• Work-Life Balance Corporations should provide more work from home opportunities and six-hour workdays so that office workers have a better work-life balance and are more likely to be productive when they are in the office.
• Teaching Youths about Consensual Sex Although sex education that includes a discussion of consensual sex would likely lead to less sexual assault, parents need to teach their children the meaning of consent from a young age with age appropriate lessons.
• Whether or Not to Attend University A degree from a university provides invaluable lessons on life and a future career, but not every high school student should be encouraged to attend a university directly after graduation. Some students may benefit from a trade school or a "gap year" where they can think more intensely about what it is they want to do for a career and how they can accomplish this.
• Studying Abroad Studying abroad is one of the most culturally valuable experiences you can have in college. It is the only way to get completely immersed in another language and learn how other cultures and countries are different from your own.
• Women's Body Image Magazines have done a lot in the last five years to include a more diverse group of models, but there is still a long way to go to promote a healthy woman's body image collectively as a culture.
• Cigarette Tax Heavily taxing and increasing the price of cigarettes is essentially a tax on the poorest Americans, and it doesn't deter them from purchasing. Instead, the state and federal governments should target those economically disenfranchised with early education about the dangers of smoking.
• Veganism A vegan diet, while a healthy and ethical way to consume food, indicates a position of privilege. It also limits you to other cultural food experiences if you travel around the world.
• University Athletes Should be Compensated University athletes should be compensated for their service to the university, as it is difficult for these students to procure and hold a job with busy academic and athletic schedules. Many student athletes on scholarship also come from low-income neighborhoods and it is a struggle to make ends meet when they are participating in athletics.
• Women in the Workforce Sheryl Sandberg makes a lot of interesting points in her best-selling book, Lean In , but she only addressed the very privileged working woman and failed to speak to those in lower-skilled, lower-wage jobs.
• Assisted Suicide Assisted suicide should be legal and doctors should have the ability to make sure their patients have the end-of-life care that they want to receive.
• Celebrity and Political Activism Although Taylor Swift's lyrics are indicative of a feminist perspective, she should be more politically active and vocal to use her position of power for the betterment of society.
• The Civil War The insistence from many Southerners that the South seceded from the Union for states' rights versus the fact that they seceded for the purposes of continuing slavery is a harmful myth that still affects race relations today.
• Blue Collar Workers Coal miners and other blue-collar workers whose jobs are slowly disappearing from the workforce should be re-trained in jobs in the technology sector or in renewable energy. A program to re-train these workers would not only improve local economies where jobs have been displaced, but would also lead to lower unemployment nationally.
• Diversity in the Workforce Having a diverse group of people in an office setting leads to richer ideas, more cooperation, and more empathy between people with different skin colors or backgrounds.
• Re-Imagining the Nuclear Family The nuclear family was traditionally defined as one mother, one father, and 2.5 children. This outdated depiction of family life doesn't quite fit with modern society. The definition of normal family life shouldn't be limited to two-parent households.
• Digital Literacy Skills With more information readily available than ever before, it's crucial that students are prepared to examine the material they're reading and determine whether or not it's a good source or if it has misleading information. Teaching students digital literacy and helping them to understand the difference between opinion or propaganda from legitimate, real information is integral.
• Beauty Pageants Beauty pageants are presented with the angle that they empower women. However, putting women in a swimsuit on a stage while simultaneously judging them on how well they answer an impossible question in a short period of time is cruel and purely for the amusement of men. Therefore, we should stop televising beauty pageants.
• Supporting More Women to Run for a Political Position In order to get more women into political positions, more women must run for office. There must be a grassroots effort to educate women on how to run for office, who among them should run, and support for a future candidate for getting started on a political career.

Still stuck? Need some help with your thesis statement?

If you are still uncertain about how to write a thesis statement or what a good thesis statement is, be sure to consult with your teacher or professor to make sure you're on the right track. It's always a good idea to check in and make sure that your thesis statement is making a solid argument and that it can be supported by your research.

After you're done writing, it's important to have someone take a second look at your paper so that you can ensure there are no mistakes or errors. It's difficult to spot your own mistakes, which is why it's always recommended to have someone help you with the revision process, whether that's a teacher, the writing center at school, or a professional editor such as one from ServiceScape .

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Need editing and proofreading services, how to write a dissertation & thesis conclusion (+ examples).

• Tags: Academic Writing , Language , Writing Tips

Want to create a strong, impactful conclusion? Explore how to create a dissertation and thesis conclusion in 5 simple steps! To help you understand better, we’ve also included useful dissertation and thesis conclusion examples! 

Whether you want to write a conclusion for an empirical or humanities paper, this article will help. So without delay, let’s understand how to create the best conclusion! 

Achieve academic excellence with exceptional editing services! Get started

Firstly, let’s know more about the appropriate length of a dissertation and thesis conclusion. 

What is the length of a conclusion? 

Depending on the complexity of your research and document length, the length will differ. The thesis or dissertation conclusion should be 5-7% of your paper’s overall word count. For example, if your thesis is 30,000 words, the conclusion can be 1,500-2100 words. 

The conclusion for empirical or scientific theses or dissertations is often brief. It summarizes the main findings, interprets the research, and discusses the main implications in a few words. In contrast, the thesis or dissertation conclusion for humanities subjects is longer and more reflective. 

Now let’s see how to write a conclusion for a thesis/ dissertation in 5 steps! 

How to write a dissertation and thesis conclusion 

1. remind readers of the research purpose .

For an empirical paper, start your conclusion by revisiting your research question or hypotheses stated earlier in your research. This reminds readers of your study’s main focus and sets the stage for findings. Following is an example: 

“This study aimed to investigate the relationship between employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the healthcare industry.” 

In comparison, while writing the conclusion for a humanities paper, reflect on the research journey. You can also consider the key themes , ideas, arguments, and questions that have guided your research. Here is an example: 

“Throughout this thesis, the concept of identity formation in postcolonial literature has been explored, focusing on the works of Chinua Achebe and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. The central argument claimed that these authors utilize their narratives to challenge Western hegemonic discourses and assert the agency of African identities.” 

2. Summarize main insights 

For an empirical paper, summarize your main results and findings concisely. This section should highlight the most significant research outcomes and how they relate to your research questions, hypotheses or research methodology . Here is an example: 

“The results of this study demonstrated a significant positive correlation between employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment (r = 0.78, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that job satisfaction, along with factors such as work-life balance and leadership support, accounted for 65% of the variance in organizational commitment scores.” 

On the other hand, if it’s a humanities paper, you can summarize any evidence or examples that support your claims about the research in your conclusion. Here is an example: 

“The analysis of Achebe’s ‘Things Fall Apart’ and Adichie’s ‘Purple Hibiscus’ reveals a common thread of resistance against colonial oppression and the assertion of African identity. Both authors employ narrative techniques that subvert Western stereotypes and provide a nuanced portrayal of African experiences. Through their characters’ journeys, Achebe and Adichie challenge the notion of a singular African identity and highlight the complexities of postcolonial life.”

3. Suggest practical applications, future recommendations, and limitations 

Mention how your research can be practically applied (if relevant) and make suggestions for future research. Explain the broader significance of your findings while writing a dissertation conclusion/thesis conclusion. If there are any limitations, you can add them to this part. Here is an example: 

“The findings have implications for healthcare organizations aiming to improve employee retention and well-being, with potential benefits for patient care and organizational performance. However, the study’s limitations, such as its specific sample size and setting make it difficult to generalize these findings. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of interventions targeting these factors across diverse healthcare contexts and to investigate additional variables that may impact organizational commitment.” 

In contrast, here is another conclusion example for an empirical paper: 

“The comparative analysis of Achebe and Adichie’s works has significant implications for the study of postcolonial literature. By highlighting the diversity of African experiences and the importance of cultural identity, these authors challenge the notion of a monolithic African narrative. This research also raises important questions about the role of literature in shaping cultural perceptions and the impact of colonialism on contemporary African societies.”

Browse through the next step of how to write a conclusion for a dissertation/thesis! This step demonstrates your research’s importance in a broader context. 

4. Highlight your research’s significance

In this part, write about how your research has contributed new knowledge to your field. You can briefly explain how the research conducted has filled a gap in your field of study. By using relevant academic research resources like Google Scholar, you can understand the research already conducted and use relevant references in your conclusion. 

If your research proves or disproves a certain theory or assumption, you can mention that. Also, if you’ve mentioned the gap in the literature review , you can remind readers about this. 

Here is an example of how to highlight your research’s significance for an empirical paper: 

“This study contributes to the growing body of research on the impact of social media on adolescent mental health. By utilizing a longitudinal design and a large, diverse sample, this study provides robust evidence for the relationship between social media usage and negative mental health outcomes. The findings also highlight the importance of considering the role of specific social media platforms and usage patterns in shaping mental health, which has been overlooked in previous research.” 

In contrast, in a humanities paper, you should focus on how your insights contribute to the broader discourse in your field and any new perspectives or interpretations.

Following is an example: 

“This comparative analysis of Achebe and Adichie’s works contributes to the growing body of postcolonial literary criticism by highlighting the importance of considering the diversity of African experiences and the ongoing impact of colonialism on contemporary African societies. By focusing on the theme of cultural identity and the use of narrative techniques that subvert Western stereotypes, this research offers a new lens through which to interpret these authors’ works and their significance within the canon of African literature.” 

Now, let’s understand the last step of how to write a dissertation conclusion/thesis conclusion! 

5. Strongly conclude your thesis or dissertation 

End with an impactful statement that summarizes a key takeaway or highlights your work’s broader significance. 

Here is an example of an empirical paper conclusion: 

“By investing in evidence-based strategies to promote mental health in the workplace, we can foster a more resilient and productive workforce for the future.” 

In contrast, the following is an example of the final statement for a humanities paper: 

“In the final analysis, the enduring legacy of these writers lies in their ability to touch the depths of the human soul, awakening us to the transformative power of language, story, and imagination.” 

After concluding your thesis, to enhance your thesis further, you can take the help of online thesis editing and proofreading services . Now let us see the dos and don’ts to follow while writing a thesis conclusion! 

Dos and don’ts while writing a conclusion 

Suggested sentence structures for framing the conclusion 

Depending on whether you’re writing an empirical or humanities paper, you can use and customize these sentence structures for your thesis or dissertation conclusion. 

• This study aimed to investigate the… 
• The results of this study demonstrate that…
• The analysis of the data revealed that… 
• The findings of this study have significant implications for…
• The insights gained from this research have important implications for…
• The key findings of this research indicate… 
• Further research is needed to explore….
• By investigating [write the research purpose], this study found out [write the main findings]. 
• This study makes a notable contribution to the field of…[field name] by [write the contribution] 
• While this study demonstrates the potential for [practical application], further research is required to explore…
• To conclude, the insights gained from this research…
• This dissertation fills a crucial gap in the literature by…
• This study offers valuable insights that can…
• In summary, this study…
• In closing, this dissertation…

This concludes our guide about how to write a thesis conclusion and dissertation conclusion. You can bookmark this article to revisit any thesis and dissertation conclusion examples. Once you write the conclusion and complete your paper, you’ll need to edit and proofread your thesis or dissertation. As experts in editing and proofreading services , we’d love to help you perfect your paper! 

Here are some other articles you might find interesting: 

• Thesis Editing | Definition, Scope & Standard Rates
• Academic Writing in 2024: 5 Key Dos & Don’ts + Examples
• Top 10 Assignment Editing Services of 2024
• Top 10 Online Dissertation Editing Services of 2024
• How to Write a Dissertation | 5 Tips from Academic Editors

Frequently Asked Questions

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Your blog on dissertation and thesis conclusions is exceptionally insightful! It offers clear, practical guidance, and the tips are incredibly valuable for both beginners and experienced researchers. Great job!

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18 Thesis Outline Templates and Examples (Word | PDF)

Most people have come across thesis in college or high school. However, you might be needed to write a thesis several times or once in your entire lifetime. Therefore, a thesis is an essential document that significantly impacts your high school or college success. Furthermore, it can promote you to your next academic level or acquire a referral.

Therefore, you need to exercise sufficient care and diligence when writing your thesis. To ensure that you are always at the top of the game when developing a thesis, you must incorporate a thesis outline template to help you focus on your thesis. Suppose you are not familiar with the thesis outline template, worry less because this article has you covered.

What is a Thesis Outline?

A thesis outline is a list of critical points of your essay. It is made to make sure that the plans for your thesis are gathered together so that the entire variables necessary to your study scope are considered correctly. In addition, a thesis outline is an excellent way of creating a perfect research paper because it enables you to organize your data appropriately.

What Is a Thesis Outline Template?

A thesis outline template is a fillable or editable document that guides the researchers through the entire process, which they require to complete the whole research planning, gathering of data, assessment of results, and finally implementation.

Thesis Outline Examples & Templates

How to Write a Thesis Outline?

Below are a few steps that will guide you on writing a thesis outline:

• Put your thesis statement at the start
• State the primary points that support your thesis and label them using Roman numerals
• List arguments and ideas that support every central point and label them using capital letters
• If possible, continue sub-dividing every supporting idea until you confirm that your entire outline is fully created and label them in numbers or small letters.

Types of Thesis Outline

There are four types of thesis outline. They include:

• Clustering- It is a random outline form
• Index card outlining- This outline allows continuous reorganization of ideas
• A summary outlining- Here, the researcher estimates the sum chapters in their manuscript
• Classical outlining- It entails numbers, letters, and roman numerical for subheadings and headings

Sample Thesis Outline

Thesis Outline Template

Thesis Outline Template (PDF)

An thesis essay outline template is a template containing how an essay ought to be drafted, stored in a PDF version. As expected, such templates are stored in such a portal so as to enable ease of sharing among the interested parties [could be students, researchers, tutors etc].

Thesis Outline Template (Word)

Masters Thesis Proposal Outline Template

A master’s thesis outline is a document that contains a guideline on how to write a thesis for those students undertaking a master’s degree program. The document resembles any thesis outline in its general outlook, only that the expected level of research is a bit more technical. The basic components of this outline include an Introduction, Review, Research Questions, Methodology and a Conclusion.

Senior Thesis Outline

Thesis Statement & Outline Template

Thesis statement outline examples are examples that project the rough idea of what a researcher’s viewpoints are. Such examples usually contain the declarations officially made by the researcher just before they conduct their research. The examples show what the researcher is confident about fulfilling out of the research.

Thesis Proposal Outline Template

Honors Thesis Outline Template

Thesis Essay Outline Template

Academic Thesis Outline Template

Thesis Paper Outline (Word)

A thesis paper outline example is a draft that details all the key points that would normally go in a thesis paper. Such an example has an introduction, the content body and a conclusion in rough draft. These would later be used by the writer in composing the actual thesis paper.

What is a good thesis outline?

A good thesis outline is a specific strong thesis statement that showcases what your research is all about. Furthermore, it helps you keep your paper to a topic you can easily handle without any problem.

What are the different parts of a thesis?

Here are different parts of a thesis:

Introduction and problem statement

The introduction of your thesis usually sets out the context and locates a particular problem that you as the researcher address. In addition, it includes relevant technical, geographical, and historical information, which is relevant to your specific problem and wide field. On the other hand, it clearly articulates the issue you seek to address. Therefore, ensure you state your primary problem in your introduction.

Literature review

This section of your thesis shows you have accomplished relevant research, reading, and coming up with sensible external research. Literature review needs you to include some tips, such as putting together related research and organizing your scholarship in chronological order.

Methodology section

The methodology section gives you a chance to talk about the kind of field you work in. It would help if you mentioned how researchers in your field accomplish their work. It can either be historical, theoretical, close reading, or data-intensive.

The analysis depends on the needed length of your thesis and field. It makes an essential part of your research. On the other hand, your analysis has to make sense, whether scientific evaluation findings or theoretical analysis. A doctoral-level project, this portion features multiple chapters. Additionally, this section gives you a chance to showcase why your research is crucial.

Here you need to summarize the essential elements of your entire findings as you demonstrate how your entire research can be advanced further.

How do you write a strong thesis statement?

Below are several steps you need to follow to write a strong thesis statement:

• State the topic
• State your primary idea concerning the topic
• Offer a reason, which supports your major idea
• Provide another reason which supports your primary idea and add more reasons
• Involve an opposing viewpoint to your primary idea, where applicable

How many chapters should a thesis have?

A thesis should feature 4 to 6 chapters in a commonly used structure.

Final Thoughts

You now clearly understand the thesis outline based on the comprehensive post above. The outline usually helps you to organize your information in a logical order and hierarchical manner. For example, suppose you are working on research papers; a formal outline will assist you in recording sufficient information. Use this post for guidance, and you will come up with a perfect thesis outline.

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Opps what went wrong, related posts.

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The fastest (and smartest) way to craft a winning dissertation that showcases your study and earns you marks. 

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What’s Covered In The Template?

This dissertation template is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research projects. The template structure reflects the overall research process, ensuring your document has a smooth, logical flow. Here’s how it’s structured:

• The title page/cover page
• Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary)
• Table of contents
• List of figures /list of tables
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: Literature review
• Chapter 3: Methodology
• Chapter 4: Research findings /results 
• Chapter 5: Discussion /analysis of findings
• Chapter 6: Conclusion
• Reference list

Each section is explained in plain, straightforward language , followed by an overview of the key elements that you need to cover within each section. We’ve also included practical examples to help you understand exactly what’s required in each section.

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FAQs: Dissertation & Thesis Template

Faqs: dissertation template, what format is the template (doc, pdf, ppt, etc.).

The dissertation template is provided as a Google Doc. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your Google Drive. You’re also welcome to convert it to whatever format works best for you, such as LaTeX or PDF.

What types of dissertations/theses can this template be used for?

The template follows the standard best-practice structure for formal academic research projects such as dissertations or theses, so it is suitable for the vast majority of degrees, particularly those within the sciences.

Some universities may have some additional requirements, but these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to double-check your university’s requirements before you finalise your structure.

Will this work for a research paper?

A research paper follows a similar format, but there are a few differences. You can find our research paper template here .

Is this template for an undergrad, Masters or PhD-level thesis?

This template can be used for a dissertation, thesis or research project at any level of study. It may be slight overkill for an undergraduate-level study, but it certainly won’t be missing anything.

How long should my dissertation/thesis be?

This depends entirely on your university’s specific requirements, so it’s best to check with them. As a general ballpark, Masters-level projects are usually 15,000 – 20,000 words in length, while Doctoral-level projects are often in excess of 60,000 words.

What about the research proposal?

If you’re still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here .

We’ve also got loads of proposal-related guides and videos over on the Grad Coach blog .

How do I write a literature review?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack how to write a literature review from scratch. You can check out the literature review section of the blog here.

How do I create a research methodology?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. You can check out the methodology section of the blog here.

Can I share this dissertation template with my friends/colleagues?

Yes, you’re welcome to share this template. If you want to post about it on your blog or social media, all we ask is that you reference this page as your source.

Can Grad Coach help me with my dissertation/thesis?

Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you a fair amount of guidance. However, you’re also welcome to consider our dissertation and thesis coaching services .

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If you’re working on a dissertation or thesis, be sure to also check these resources out…

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The Grad Coach YouTube Channel

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The Graduate School uses DocuSign Powerforms for all forms that require signatures, and web forms (Formstack) for all forms that do not require signatures.

With one exception only, the Application to Pursue Graduate Degree , we do not accept PDF or printed submissions.  If a printed and/or handwritten form is submitted, it will be returned and delay your approval process.

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Students in College of Engineering programs:

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General Course Catalog

The University of Nevada, Reno General Course Catalog.

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Use this form when requesting a transfer of credits from other institutions.

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Use the same application portal as undergraduate students to complete the Graduate Special Application for non-degree seeking students.

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A scholastically eligible undergraduate student at the University who is within 30 credits of completing the requirements for the bachelor's degree may enroll in graduate-level courses for graduate credit, provided that such credit is requested by the student and approved by the current undergraduate advisor and Graduate Dean.

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General forms

Advanced degree certificate graduation application deadline appeal.

Appeals to the application deadline for certificate programs are accepted at the Graduate School until the last day of the graduation term.

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Advanced Degree Graduation Application Deadline Appeal

Appeals to the application deadline for degree programs are accepted at the Graduate School until the last day of the graduation term.

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Change in Program of Study

Add or remove courses from your program of study.

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Use this form if you need to make a change to the personnel on your advisory committee.

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This form initial agreement between a student and their advisor/committee chair. For master's students, the Declaration of Advisor form must be submitted to the Graduate School by the end of the student's second semester. For doctoral and MFA students, the completed Declaration of Advisor form must be submitted to the Graduate School by the end of the student's third semester.

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Doctoral/M.F.A. Commencement Participation Request

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Students that have graduated may be asked to complete an exit survey by their program providing valuable program-specific and high-level feedback to the Graduate School about their experience. 

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A leave of absence is a temporary cessation of study and may be granted for up to one year. Students requesting a leave of absence must be in good academic standing and submit the completed form before the period of leave begins. Time spent on an approved leave is included in the time allowed to complete the degree, i.e. six calendar years for the master’s degree and eight calendar years for the doctoral degree.

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The program of study specifies the courses and credits required to satisfy the requirements for the degree and documents the approval of the chair and members of the student’s duly constituted advisory committee. The program of study must receive final approval by the Graduate Dean. For master's degree students, the completed Program of Study form must be submitted to the Graduate School by the end of the student's third semester. For MFA and doctoral students, the completed Program of Study form must be submitted to the Graduate School by the end of the student's fourth semester.

Program of Study [DocuSign] Program of Study [PDF example; Not accepted for submission]

Program Change of Degree/En Route Request

Requests to declare a master’s en route to the Ph.D., change a sub-plan, or change degree levels must be approved by the student’s major advisor and graduate program director.

Program Change of Degree/En Route Request [DocuSign] Program Change of Degree/En Route Request [PDF example; Not accepted for submission]

Doctoral student forms

Dissertation defense calendar event.

Use this link to add your dissertation defense to the University's event calendar.

Dissertation Defense Calendar Event [Formstack]

Dissertation Filing Guidelines

Filing your dissertation at the Graduate Division is one of the final steps leading to the award of your graduate degree. This link will provide you a comprehensive overview, as well as several forms required to file your dissertation.

Dissertation Filing Guidelines Webpage

Dissertation filing templates, samples and Survey of Earned Doctorates

• Committee Approval page  for 5-member committee (TEMPLATE)
• Committee Approval page  for  5-member committee with co-advisor (TEMPLATE)
• Committee Approval page  for 6-member committee (TEMPLATE)
• Committee Approval page  for 6 -member committee with co-advisor (TEMPLATE)

Sample pages

• Dissertation Title page (SAMPLE)
• Dissertation Copyright page (SAMPLE)
• Dissertation Committee approval page (SAMPLE)

Survey of Earned Doctorates

• Survey of Earned Doctorates  - The Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED) is an annual census conducted since 1957 of all individuals receiving a research doctorate from an accredited U.S. institution in a given academic year. The SED is sponsored by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) within the National Science Foundation (NSF) and by three other federal agencies: the National Institutes of Health, Department of Education, and National Endowment for the Humanities. The SED collects information on the doctoral recipient's educational history, demographic characteristics, and postgraduation plans. Results are used to assess characteristics of the doctoral population and trends in doctoral education and degrees. Read more about the purpose and methods of the SED .

Dissertation Final Review Approval

Obtain signoff on your dissertation from your advisory committee chair.

Dissertation Final Review Approval DocuSign Powerform Dissertation Final Review Approval [PDF example; Not accepted for submission]

Dissertation Title

Submit the title of your dissertation and the name of your advisor to the Graduate School.

Submit Dissertation Title Online

Doctoral Degree Admissions to Candidacy

This is a status for those who have completed every requirement except for the dissertation.

Doctoral Degree Admission to Candidacy [DocuSign] Doctoral Degree Admissions to Candidacy [PDF example; Not accepted for submission]

Notice of Completion: Doctoral Degree

This is a generic form that every student must complete in their graduating semester which relates to the cumulative project (dissertation, professional paper, comprehensive exam). Fill out the sections that apply to your requirements. The advisory committee listed on the program of study signs the form. The notice of completion must be submitted by established deadlines for graduation.

Notice of Completion: Doctoral Degree [DocuSign] Notice of Completion: Doctoral Degree [PDF example; Not accepted for submission]

Master's student forms

Notice of completion: master's degree.

This is a generic form that every student must complete in their graduating semester which relates to the cumulative project (thesis, professional paper, comprehensive exam). Fill out the sections that apply to your requirements. The advisory committee listed on the program of study signs the form. The notice of completion must be submitted by established deadlines for graduation.

Notice of Completion: Master's Degree [DocuSign] Notice of Completion: Master's Degree [PDF example; Not accepted for submission]

Thesis Filing Guidelines

Filing your thesis at the Graduate Division is one of the final steps leading to the award of your graduate degree. This link will provide you a comprehensive overview, as well as several forms required to file your thesis. The Docusign form will require you to enter your advisory committee chair's name and email address. Upon submission, the form will be routed to your advisory committee chair for final approval.

Thesis Filing Guidelines Webpage

Thesis Final Review Approval [DocuSign] Thesis Final Review Approval [PDF example; Not accepted for submission]

Thesis filing templates and samples

• Committee Approval page for 3-member committee (TEMPLATE)
• Committee Approval page for 3-member committee with co-advisor (TEMPLATE)
• Committee Approval page for 4-member committee (TEMPLATE)
• Committee Approval page for 4-member committee with co-advisor (TEMPLATE)
• Thesis Title page (SAMPLE)
• Thesis Copyright page (SAMPLE)
• Thesis Committee approval page (SAMPLE)

Thesis Final Review Approval

The Docusign form will require you to enter your advisory committee chair's name and email address. Upon submission, the form will be routed to your advisory committee chair for final approval.

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• Thesis & Dissertation Acknowledgements | Tips & Examples

Thesis & Dissertation Acknowledgements | Tips & Examples

Published on May 3, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on July 18, 2023.

The acknowledgements section is your opportunity to thank those who have helped and supported you personally and professionally during your thesis or dissertation process.

Thesis or dissertation acknowledgements appear between your title page and abstract  and should be no longer than one page.

In your acknowledgements, it’s okay to use a more informal style than is usually permitted in academic writing , as well as first-person pronouns . Acknowledgements are not considered part of the academic work itself, but rather your chance to write something more personal.

To get started, download our step-by-step template in the format of your choice below. We’ve also included sample sentence starters to help you construct your acknowledgments section from scratch.

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Table of contents

Who to thank in your acknowledgements, how to write acknowledgements, acknowledgements section example, acknowledgements dos and don’ts, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about the acknowledgements section.

Generally, there are two main categories of acknowledgements: professional and personal .

A good first step is to check your university’s guidelines, as they may have rules or preferences about the order, phrasing, or layout of acknowledgements. Some institutions prefer that you keep your acknowledgements strictly professional.

Regardless, it’s usually a good idea to place professional acknowledgements first, followed by any personal ones. You can then proceed by ranking who you’d like to thank from most formal to least.

• Chairs, supervisors, or defense committees
• Funding bodies
• Other academics (e.g., colleagues or cohort members)
• Editors or proofreaders
• Librarians, research/laboratory assistants, or study participants
• Family, friends, or pets

Typically, it’s only necessary to mention people who directly supported you during your thesis or dissertation. However, if you feel that someone like a high school physics teacher was a great inspiration on the path to your current research, feel free to include them as well.

Professional acknowledgements

It is crucial to avoid overlooking anyone who helped you professionally as you completed your thesis or dissertation. As a rule of thumb, anyone who directly contributed to your research process, from figuring out your dissertation topic to your final proofread, should be mentioned.

A few things to keep in mind include:

• Even if you feel your chair didn’t help you very much, you should still thank them first to avoid looking like you’re snubbing them.
• Be sure to follow academic conventions, using full names with titles where appropriate.
• If several members of a group or organization assisted you, mention the collective name only.
• Remember the ethical considerations around anonymized data. If you wish to protect someone’s privacy, use only their first name or a generic identifier (such as “the interviewees”)/

Personal acknowledgements

There is no need to mention every member of your family or friend group. However, if someone was particularly inspiring or supportive, you may wish to mention them specifically. Many people choose to thank parents, partners, children, friends, and even pets, but you can mention anyone who offered moral support or encouragement, or helped you in a tangible or intangible way.

Some students may wish to dedicate their dissertation to a deceased influential person in their personal life. In this case, it’s okay to mention them first, before any professional acknowledgements.

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After you’ve compiled a list of who you’d like to thank, you can then sort your list into rank order. Separate everyone you listed into “major thanks,” “big thanks,” and “minor thanks” categories.

• “Major thanks” are given to people who your project would be impossible without. These are often predominantly professional acknowledgements, such as your advisor, chair, and committee, as well as any funders.
• “Big thanks” are an in-between, for those who helped you along the way or helped you grow intellectually, such as classmates, peers, or librarians.
• “Minor thanks” can be a catch-all for everyone else, especially those who offered moral support or encouragement. This can include personal acknowledgements, such as parents, partners, children, friends, or even pets.

How to phrase your acknowledgements

To avoid acknowledgements that sound repetitive or dull, consider changing up your phrasing. Here are some examples of common sentence starters you can use for each category.

Note that you do not need to write any sort of conclusion or summary at the end. You can simply end the acknowledgements with your last thank you.

Here’s an example of how you can combine the different sentences to write your acknowledgements.

A simple construction consists of a sentence starter (in purple highlight ), followed by the person or entity mentioned (in green highlight ), followed by what you’re thanking them for (in yellow highlight .)

Acknowledgements

Words cannot express my gratitude to my professor and chair of my committee for her invaluable patience and feedback. I also could not have undertaken this journey without my defense committee, who generously provided knowledge and expertise. Additionally, this endeavor would not have been possible without the generous support from the MacArthur Foundation, who financed my research .

I am also grateful to my classmates and cohort members, especially my office mates, for their editing help, late-night feedback sessions, and moral support. Thanks should also go to the librarians, research assistants, and study participants from the university, who impacted and inspired me.

Lastly, I would be remiss in not mentioning my family, especially my parents, spouse, and children. Their belief in me has kept my spirits and motivation high during this process. I would also like to thank my cat for all the entertainment and emotional support.

• Write in first-person, professional language
• Thank your professional contacts first
• Include full names, titles, and roles of professional acknowledgements
• Include personal or intangible supporters, like friends, family, or even pets
• Mention funding bodies and what they funded
• Appropriately anonymize or group research participants or non-individual acknowledgments

Don’t:

• Use informal language or slang
• Go over one page in length
• Mention people who had only a peripheral or minor impact on your work

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In the acknowledgements of your thesis or dissertation, you should first thank those who helped you academically or professionally, such as your supervisor, funders, and other academics.

Then you can include personal thanks to friends, family members, or anyone else who supported you during the process.

Yes, it’s important to thank your supervisor(s) in the acknowledgements section of your thesis or dissertation .

Even if you feel your supervisor did not contribute greatly to the final product, you must acknowledge them, if only for a very brief thank you. If you do not include your supervisor, it may be seen as a snub.

The acknowledgements are generally included at the very beginning of your thesis , directly after the title page and before the abstract .

In a thesis or dissertation, the acknowledgements should usually be no longer than one page. There is no minimum length.

You may acknowledge God in your dissertation acknowledgements , but be sure to follow academic convention by also thanking the members of academia, as well as family, colleagues, and friends who helped you.

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